Newcastle is one of the largest cities in the UK, a powerful industrial and industrial center of the country. Its full name sounds like Newcastle upon Tyne. The city is located on the northeastern coast of the state, along the Tyne River, on its northern banks. The area of Newcastle is more than 113 square meters. km, the population is about 278 thousand people.
A bit of history
Newcastle (photo of the city can be seen in the article) is quite old. It originated in the 2nd century AD. e. The founders of Newcastle are considered to be the Romans, who gave the city the name "Pons Elius". During the Middle Ages, it was called the "New Castle". It is currently the largest city in the Tyne and Wear metropolitan area.
Climatic features
Newcastle is a city located near the Pennines. What does this mean and how does such a relief affect? The climate in this region is slightly different from the rest of England. It is just as warm and favorable as throughout the country, with warm winters and moderately cool summers, but there are a lot of fogs here.less. The mountains make the climate of the city less humid, as if protecting it from precipitation. Average temperatures in January are within +3°С, in July - +13°С.
How Newcastle upon Tyne developed
Newcastle is a city (England is proud of such a heritage), which is now known as a major industrial center of the country. It began its development in this regard in the 19th century. It was during this period that coal mining was established in Newcastle and production capacities were increased. And during the British Industrial Revolution, this city becomes its center. However, by the middle of the twentieth century, heavy industry begins to lose momentum. Some time after the decrease in work in this industry, Newcastle and the entire northern region experienced an economic crisis. However, by the end of the century, industrial production was re-established in the city. Only now they are based on lighter industries. Currently, Newcastle is a city where the industry is represented by the following areas: shipbuilding and marine engine manufacturing, turbine building, mining equipment manufacturing, chemical and food industries, and office goods.
Agglomeration
Together with the cities of Hebburn, Jarrow, St. Shields, North Shields, Gateshead, Newcastle is the largest agglomeration of Great Britain - Tyneside. Its population is about 800 thousand people.
Transportation
Because of its proximity to the River Tyne and the North Sea, Newcastle is considered a river port, beingmajor transport hub. For the convenience of movement, city residents use bicycles. There are also two bus stations operating here.
Features
Newcastle city center is considered to be its business center. All administrative buildings of this region are located here. Car traffic is prohibited in the area, and you can only walk on your own.
Power in the city belongs to the mayor, who is elected by the city council. The native people of Newcastle are called "Geordies". More precisely, this is the name of the dialect they speak. It differs significantly from an ordinary English accent in the pronunciation of some words. The closeness to Celtic and Scandinavian roots contributed to the formation of such a dialect.
Education
Newcastle upon Tyne is a city that is truly a student city. The fact is that there are two old universities here - Northumbria and Newcastle, as well as Newcastle College, well-known throughout England, which welcomes students not only from all over England, but also from other European countries and beyond. The college is developing in many directions, and the number of students studying in this educational institution exceeds forty thousand people.
Attractions
Newcastle is a city that is considered quite developed in terms of attractions. There is something to see here. The famous Millennium Bridge (Millennium) brought the world fame to the city. It passes through the Tyne River and connects the cities of Newcastle and Gateshead. Feature of this buildingin that he leans. The design is considered unique, as there are no bridges of this design anywhere else in the world. It was built in the 2000s and timed to coincide with the beginning of the new millennium.
In addition to the interesting bridge, in Newcastle you can visit a large number of art galleries and theaters. Also in the city is one of the largest shopping centers in Europe, located in the central part.
In religious terms, you can visit two majestic cathedrals - the Anglican Church of St. Nicholas and the Catholic Church of St. Mary. Both cathedrals have existed in the city since the middle of the 19th century and at first served as ordinary parish churches.
Twin Cities
Newcastle upon Tyne has 8 sister cities in the US, the Netherlands, Germany, Norway, Israel, Sweden, France and Australia. In the latter state, the sister city has the same name and is considered the "little brother" of Newcastle of English. It was founded in 1804, on the east coast of the mainland. Like the English city, it is located near the water, washed by the Tasman Sea. Its population is about 290 thousand people.
Newcastle (a city in Australia) is considered a fairly large center by the standards of this state. In terms of population, it ranks second after the former capital, Sydney. But the main industry of the Australian Newcastle remains, oddly enough, coal mining. The city is a favorite place for tourists who visit this state.
