This is an ancient Russian city located on the banks of a small river, the Puddle, northeast of Kaluga. The area of the city is 1787 hectares.
From the history of the city
At the end of the 14th century, the city was founded by Prince Vladimir Sergeevich Serpukhovsky. It was named after the fourth princely son, Yaroslavl. The city was first mentioned in chronicles in 1402. After joining the Moscow principality, it was renamed Maloyaroslavets. In 1776 it received the status of a county town. October 24, 1912 Maloyaroslavets became the site of a bloody battle between the Russian troops and the powerful army of Napoleon. After a 17-hour incessant battle, the city changed hands 8 times. As a result of fierce fighting, it was almost destroyed.
During the Second World War, Maloyaroslavets was under occupation for a short time and was also badly damaged. In 2012, by decree of V. V. Putin, he received the title of "City of Military Glory".
Maloyaroslavets attractions
The city, which has a rich history, has a huge number of cultural, historical and architectural monuments. The authorities of the city treat them very carefully, monitor their condition andcarry out the necessary restoration work.
Fortification
This is a unique historical and natural monument. An artificial earth embankment 30 meters high is located on the banks of the Puddle River, between two ravines. Archaeologists claim that there were settlements of the Vyatichi tribes who lived in the territory where today the Kaluga region is located, in the 12-13th centuries.
At the end of the 14th century, the settlement was fortified by the brother of Dmitry Donskoy, Vladimir the Brave-Donskoy. It is assumed that he named the new settlement Yaroslavl. It was a wooden tyn on a high earthen rampart, a settlement adapted for hand-to-hand defense. It was a protective city system.
In the 15th-16th centuries, after numerous raids by the Crimean Tatars and Lithuanian invaders, the fortress was burned down. The remains of this rampart are still preserved.
Chernoostrovsky Monastery
Near the ancient city, on the banks of the Yaroslavka River, surrounded by magnificent gardens, is the Nikolsky Chernoostrovsky Monastery. It was founded at the end of the 16th century. In those days, he occupied only one of the hills, which was covered with a dense and impenetrable "black" forest. Hence the name - Chernoostrovsky. This is the first version regarding the founding of the monastery.
According to the second, it was erected by the princes Obolensky in the 14th century on the mountain, which was formerly called Black Ostrog. In ancient chronicles, the monastery was called Chernoostrozhsky. Later nameacquired a modern sound. In the 17th century the monastery was destroyed, but in the second half of the 17th century it was restored by the elder Hypatius. It became a parish church in 1775.
The monastery was revived in 1800 thanks to the merchant Tselibeev, who donated 20 thousand rubles (a huge amount for those times) to support the brethren.
In 1812, the legendary Maloyaroslavets battle with Napoleon's army took place under the walls of the monastery. As a result, the temple was destroyed, the property was looted. The surviving remains were re-consecrated in 1813 and restoration began.
The monastery successfully existed until 1918, when the Bolsheviks closed it. Ancient acts and letters, priceless icons, church vessels, and the richest sacristy disappeared from it without a trace.
In the mid-twenties, all the monks left the monastery. After that, a pedagogical college was placed in the building. In 1991, the monastery was transferred to the Kaluga diocese. Divine services and a new life of the monastery began on October 4, 1992.
Revival of the monastery
In recent years, large-scale restoration, construction and repair work has been carried out here. The bishop's, nursing and refectory buildings, a hotel for pilgrims were rebuilt, vegetable gardens and flower beds were equipped. The former chapel houses a museum with a diorama of the battle of 1812.
Manor in Vorobyevo
Lovers of antiquity have always been attracted by the small town of Maloyaroslavets. Its sights are of great historical value. In 1897 atin the village of Vorobyevo, a promising St. Petersburg surgeon S. P. Fedorov acquired land and began building a parochial school and outpatient clinics for the peasants.
The project of this estate was developed and the construction was supervised by an engineer from Sweden, Gunnar Svenson, who at that time served as a consultant on the construction of the Swedish Embassy. Many details of the building were made in the Art Nouveau style, popular in those years in Europe. The estate "Vorobyevo" is surrounded by a magnificent orchard, a shady square. On its territory there is a greenhouse and a park with ponds.
All the facades of this mansard mansion are individual. They successfully used various types of textures and finishes - completely smooth surfaces, plastered, finished with ceramic tiles. The composition is complicated by the corner tower, balconies, terraces and ledges. Windows of various shapes play a special role. From 1945 to the present day, a sanatorium has been located on the estate.
The estate "Vorobyevo" has become an administrative building. There is also a museum of her history.
Monument of Glory
Maloyaroslavets is known for its military events. Sights relating to the exploits of compatriots of different times, he keeps very reverently. This also applies to the Monument of Glory, built by decree of Nicholas I at the beginning of the 19th century in memory of the soldiers who died in the battle with Napoleon.
All cast iron elements were cast at the Alexander foundry in St. Petersburg. In August 1844, the laying of the monument was carried outsoldiers who glorified Maloyaroslavets. Attractions (photos of which you see in this article) are endlessly dear to the townspeople. Of course, because they tell about the heroic history of their great-grandfathers.
Maloyaroslavets: attractions, reviews
Tourists who have visited this city speak highly of it. First of all, everyone is struck by its extraordinary purity. And this applies not only to streets and squares, impeccable cleanliness reigns in hotel rooms. Special words of gratitude deserve the hotel staff. Everyone works professionally, unobtrusively, and at the same time everyone is friendly and welcoming.
Monuments dedicated to the heroes of the Patriotic War, especially the museum-diorama "Maloyaroslavets battle", which is located in the chapel of the monastery, make a huge impression on tourists.
Many people note extraordinary sensations when visiting the ancient settlement. This is probably due to the professionalism of local guides, who can take their listeners back several centuries.
Some guests of the city note some neglect of the territory of the Vorobyevo estate, which spoils the impression of visiting this wonderful monument.
Today we tried to present a small, provincial, primordially Russian town - Maloyaroslavets. The sights of this city cannot be described in one article, they just need to be seen.
