Ancient Suzdal leaves no one indifferent, it is so beautiful and interesting for its sights. The city carefully preserves the historical heritage of the ancestors. Suzdal began with earthen fortifications and one cathedral.
Attraction: appearance and history
The Suzdal Kremlin is currently a museum. But first, Vladimir Monomakh laid the foundation for the Church of the Dormition. It was a powerful architectural structure made of bricks. It was painted by the best masters of Byzantium. The foundation was laid weak, the cathedral walls began to crumble, and Yuri Dolgoruky ordered it to be completely dismantled. And soon a white-stone cathedral with three helmet-shaped domes began to rise on the site of the old temple. A special pedestal was built for the central dome, and the eastern corners of the structure serve as a support for the small domes. The cathedral was decorated with relief drawings, masks of women's faces and carvings. In 1225, Bishop Simeon conducted the rite of consecration of the cathedral. From that moment on, the Suzdal Kremlin began to bear the name of the Mother of God-Christmas.
A year later, the cathedral was painted with frescoes from the inside, the floor was tiled. Againthe building undergoes a change after the fire. Instead of three chapters, it gets five, and some adjustments are added. Since the reign of Vasily III, the cathedral has been painted several more times, thrones have been added. The main attraction appears - the Golden Gates, created by Suzdal craftsmen. The treasures of the Nativity Cathedral are in the museum.
Necropolis
The Nativity Cathedral of the Suzdal Kremlin has its own necropolis. There are burials of the princes Shuisky, Belsky and the sons of Yuri Dolgoruky. In the thirties, divine services were no longer held in the cathedral.
2005 was marked by the opening of the former cathedral under restoration. Years of restoration helped the cathedral to acquire the relics of St. Arseny of Elasson. This is another attraction that the Suzdal Kremlin has.
Belfry
One of the oldest buildings that make up the ensemble, located south of the cathedral, is the Cathedral bell tower. It has an element corresponding to the fortress towers - a roof over the cornice. From the end of the 17th century to the present, the clock in the bell tower has been ringing every hour and every quarter.
Bishops Chambers
A unique building dating back to the XV-XVIII centuries - Bishop's Chambers, surrounded by a stone wall and an earthen rampart. The structure includes residential and commercial buildings. The most famous of them are the refectory chambers and the church. The first chambers look like a complex complex of buildings. This complex was conceived as a residential building for the church rulers of the city of Suzdal. It is in the chambers that the museum is located.
Refectory
The refectory of the Suzdal Kremlin is now working for its intended purpose. At the bottom is a restaurant. It has a name consonant with the architectural structure: "Refectory". This institution is in incredible demand, although it is included in the category of expensive and prestigious. The restaurant was opened in 1998 with the aim of preserving the authentic traditional Russian cuisine. The interior is made in the style of Russian classics. The kitchen contains old recipes. The restaurant serves traditional Russian game dishes. Cultists have always preferred the meat of wild boars, quails and pheasants.
Assumption Church
The churches that have survived to this day include the Assumption, Nikolskaya and Nativity of Christ. Uspenskaya is a building of the Moscow baroque style. The St. Nicholas Church was transferred to the Suzdal Kremlin from the village in which the founder of the dynasty of kings of the famous Romanov family was born. The largest and most interesting attraction of Suzdal is the Museum of Wooden Architecture. The museum is open daily except Tuesday and Friday.
Nikolskaya
The wooden St. Nicholas Church is an example of ancient temples. It is built from wooden log cabins. St. Nicholas Church is very beautiful, slender and golden. It fits perfectly into the overall architectural ensemble. The church gave its name to the ancient Nikolsky Gate, which leads to the bridge over the Kamenka River.
It is named after St. Nicholas, who is considered the patron saint of travelers. The building is graceful. It is a real work of folk carpentry art by ordinary craftsmen from the people.
Why is there so much attention given to this church?
The structure was erected with only one carpentry tool - an axe. The nails that are present in the fastened elements of the church are also wooden. In addition, St. Nicholas Church has incredible beautiful architectural forms. Next to the Kremlin is the Church of the Nativity of Christ. It is simple in architecture, it is a residential building on one floor. The church consists of a wooden frame and an ordinary gable roof.
Suzdal Kremlin
Description of all expositions in it contains the history of the land of Suzdal. There are interesting exhibits, which are represented by objects of applied art and ancient Russian painting. The Suzdal Kremlin is the center of the city, which is considered very ancient. And the oldest is the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Virgin. The material used for its construction is rough tuff.
But Vladimir Monomakh erected a temple in the wrong place. The Suzdal Kremlin is a kind of core of the city, and it attracts many tourists not only from Russia, but also from abroad. And those who are looking for this attraction pay attention to its outlines from afar.
The sky-blue domes and golden stars on them near the Nativity Cathedral are visible far away. Archaeologists have found out that the Suzdal Kremlin has existed since the tenth century. Suzdal can be proud thathas such an architectural ensemble. It is lined with white stone, similar to the dress of an immaculate girl. And at the same time, this complex is a fortified structure with ramparts, towers and gates.
What is included in the ensemble?
So, the architectural ensemble of the Suzdal Kremlin includes the following buildings: the Nativity Cathedral, Bishops' Chambers with a refectory Episcopal Church, the Cathedral Bell Tower, the Assumption Church, the summer Nikolskaya Church, the Church of the Nativity.
In the painting of the complex there are characters of venerable holy elders, traditional Russian ornaments. The Nativity Cathedral was conceived as the first temple for prayers not only of the prince's family, but also of ordinary citizens. And the bishops' chambers and the refectory were conceived as an episcopal palace. The cathedral bell tower was erected by special order of Bishop Serpion. The bells and chimes have been fully restored and still delight all parishioners and residents of Suzdal. Assumption Church has an elegant appearance. This is a beautiful red-green building, which housed the princely court of Ivan III.
Summer St. Nicholas Church is a steam room for the Church of the Nativity. When you get acquainted with the architecture of the city of Suzdal, you are struck by the incredible skill of the architects. Their incredible sense of beauty and sophistication surprises. After all, no one has ever tried to design the city and its buildings specifically in the complex. Many temples and churches that became popular only in the post-Soviet period were destroyed many times,burned, flashing like a match, then restored again. All buildings built in different historical periods blended surprisingly harmoniously into the overall color of churches and cathedrals. All these buildings were created in the throes of creativity.
Conclusion
Many times the Suzdal Kremlin, the photo of which is presented in the article, lost its significance and gained it again. Sometimes built monasteries and temples near Suzdal assumed the responsibility of the central core of the entire complex. Everything connected with the history and antiquity of Russian cities has always attracted the attention of archaeologists and historians. And in one of the most ancient cities, so much has happened and will continue to happen that it will simply not be possible to remain an outside observer.
