Vinogradovo, the estate - a historical corner of Russia

2024 Author: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:06

Vinogradovo estate (photos in the article represent a general view of the estate) is one of the oldest Moscow estates. Some sites on the Internet, it is positioned as fully preserved to our times. Many go to Vinogradovo in order to touch the history, admire the old Dolgiy Pond, take a walk along the alley that runs along the entire territory of the estate. But is it possible to use the term "preserved" in relation to Vinogradovo? The estate (expert reviews sound the alarm about this) is actually in a deplorable state. The future of the estate is predicted by lovers of antiquity to be much sadder than the present, if its restoration does not begin in the near future. But enthusiasts have little hope for this.

Manor in Dolgoprudny

One of the most beautiful historical places is the Vinogradovo estate inDolgoprudny. The photos presented in the article allow you to admire the surviving buildings. The beauty and uniqueness of the architecture of these neglected buildings, as well as the picturesqueness of the area in which they are built, inspire many romantics. The estate of Vinogradovo in Dolgoprudny also attracts filmmakers. Filming takes place here from time to time. Vinogradovo is a manor with a rich and interesting history worthy of close attention and study.

Excursion: about the owners

For about 400 years the Vinogradovo estate has been hiding its secrets. Who just has not visited these ancient walls. The first information about the estate dates back to 1623. Vinogradovo is a manor, whose owners in the 17-18 centuries were representatives of the Pushkin family, then the estate passed to the Benkendorf family. The last owner of the estate was a certain Emma Banza. Prominent cultural figures of the Enlightenment era - Gavriil Derzhavin, Ivan Krylov, Nikolai Karamzin liked to visit Vinogradovo.

Pushkins

Vinogradovo is a manor that once belonged to the Pushkins. The estate was owned by the Pushkins for about a hundred years, from 1623 to 1729. The first owner of the estate was Gavriil Pushkin, a duma nobleman, a great falconer and one of the associates of False Dmitry I. The poet's ancestor was a cunning politician who could easily go over to the side of the enemy. The outline of the preface to the drama "Boris Godunov" contains the words of A. S. Pushkin, in which he confesses that a member of their family is depicted as one of the conspirators in his work.

After deaththe first owner, the Vinogradovo estate in Dolgoprudny passed to his heirs. Subsequently, one of them will be hanged, and the other will be sent to Siberia for participating in the rebellion of the archers. The sons of Gavriil Pushkin - Grigory and Stepan - built the first wooden church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God in Vinogradovo. The estate became a village.

For the next 50 years, Matvey Pushkin was its owner. In 1696 he rebuilt the Vladimirskaya church in stone. But, despite the success in the service, the end of the life of Matvey Pushkin was also tragic. Due to disagreement with the sending of young nobles to study abroad, at the behest of the sovereign, he was exiled. And his son Fedor was executed by Peter I as a participant in the Streltsy revolt. A. S. Pushkin told about these events in his genealogy.

After the death of Yakov, brother of Matvey Pushkin, their fortune began to be owned by distant relatives - Peter and Ivan Pushkin. From the Pushkin period, only the foundation and Long Ponds have survived in the estate, which gave the name to the city near Moscow and some streets of the capital.

Vyazemsky

In the eighteenth century the estate belonged to Prince Vasily Dolgorukov. In 1729, the estate was resold to them. Princess Maria Vyazemskaya became the new owner. It was under her, as historians note, that the village began to flourish.

Glebovs

The next owner of the estate was Prosecutor General Alexander Glebov. Under him, a new house in the classical style appeared in the estate, a park on the shore of the pond, and the church was also rebuilt.

Glebov paid a lot of attention to the estate. With his light hand in the middle of the century herean architectural ensemble appeared, separated by a pond and the Dmitrievskaya road. On the left bank, not far from the church, a one-story wooden house was built under him, and an orchard was planted. On the other side, a new Vladimirskaya church was erected, which has an unusual triangular shape. Nobody knows the name of the architect. According to rumors, the author of the project was either Kazakov or Bazhenov. A bell tower, a chapel and an almshouse for the elderly were built next to the church, forming an equilateral triangle together with the temple.

Literary estate near Moscow. Benckendorffs

After the Glebovs, E. I. Benkendorf became the owner of Vinogradov. Vinogradovo is a manor that prominent writers of that time willingly visited: Kheraskov, Annenkov, Nikolai Karamzin, Gavriil Derzhavin, Venevitinov. And also Tatishchev, Vyazemsky, Ivan Krylov. The fabulist stayed on a visit for a whole year and dedicated to Sophia, the young daughter of the host, the fables “The Picky Bride” and “The Oak and the Cane”. But his muse died at an early age (buried not far from Vladimirskaya Church).

Besides the house and outbuildings in Vinogradovo, there were all the buildings necessary for the economy: greenhouses, greenhouses, barns, a carriage house, a barnyard, etc. In 1812, during the war with Napoleon, in the local estate for about two weeks the French were standing, with whom Vinogradovo was brutally plundered. According to the manager Akim Pavlov to the hostess, the temple, the manor's house, the garden, and the entire household were damaged. Upon their return, the Benkendorfs put the estate in order, after which they lived here for another half a century. The couple died almost simultaneously, only a few months apart. They are buriednext to her daughter's grave.

And their son, AI Benkendorf, became the heir to the estate. Members of his family loved to relax in the summer in the estate. They even published their own magazine here. When the children became adults, the estate was empty. After the owner's death, it was sold to the Buchumov merchants.

Buchumovs

The merchant Mikhail Buchumov acquired the estate at the end of the 19th century. He launched active construction of dachas here. Part of the land was leased to the peasants. During the execution of the transaction, the former owners did not stipulate the fate of things in the estate. They thought they were selling real estate only. As a result, the merchant's property turned out to be portraits of ancestors, documents, family heirlooms and other valuables that were not of interest to the new owner and soon disappeared.

Dachas appeared on the shores of the lake. Buchumov leased fields and forests to peasants on onerous terms. He paid the price for his greed in 1905: the house was burnt down, leaving only the church and gravestones left of the estate.

Banza and Herman are the latest owners

Before the revolution, in 1911, the last owner of the estate was a landowner, a German by birth, the widow of E. M. Banza. She ordered the dachas to be demolished. Under her rule, a neoclassical wooden house grew up here. The house included such architectural features as a semi-rotunda of the front porch, an open stone terrace and a staircase to the park. The building is known as Banza's house.

It was the last mistress who restored the estate, a significant reconstruction was carried out ineclecticism and neoclassicism. Flower beds were laid out on the estate, a fountain was built. The profitable nature of the estate was determined by the scale of the economic complex, which, along with new spacious buildings, included horse and cattle yards, as well as a cinema club for 40 people for hired workers. In addition, a building of the guardhouse, an entrance gate with a bridge, and numerous outbuildings appeared in the estate.

Banza's stucco wooden house was built in 1911, and her son-in-law Herman's in 1912. The author of the house project for Rudolf Vasilyevich German, the son-in-law of the owner, was the architect I. V. Rylsky. The building is a prime example of eclecticism. A glazed passage connected a wooden two-story house with an outbuilding kitchen, the belvedere tower was decorated with an imitation of a clock, the hands of which always showed 11:51.

Through the crucible of war and revolution

During the First World War, R. Herman built a hospital for the wounded and tuberculosis patients on the estate. In the manor house for peasant and courtyard children, Christmas holidays were arranged. The peasants loved their landlords very much. During the revolution of 1917, they saved the manor houses from destruction by revolutionary workers from the village of Khlebnikovo. At night, the owners of the estate fled abroad.

They said that when leaving, the landowner threw a precious ring with a ruby into the local pond. During cleanup work in the 1950s, the pond was drained. The locals tried to find the ring, but did not find it.

Nationalization

After the revolution, nationalizationturned Vinogradovo into a state farm "Long Ponds". In the master's house, a children's bone-tuberculosis sanatorium was set up. For some time there was also a departmental rest house for railway workers.

Modern history

During the Great Patriotic War, the headquarters of local partisans was in Vinogradovo. In 1959, a regional children's sanatorium was reopened here - a cardio-rheumatic one.

Today

Children were allocated rooms in Banza's house. Most of Herman's house is empty today and inexorably destroyed. Doors and windows are boarded up, the roof is leaking. A symbolic plaque hangs on the facade of the building: “Architectural monument. State protected.”

What's left?

On the territory of the estate, the church of Our Lady of Vladimir, the chapel with bells built in the 18th century, the almshouse are preserved. Buildings from the early nineteenth century have also been preserved - a Dutch house on the coast and a chapel.

From the interior of the house, parquet floors, the main staircase, ceiling lamps, elegant over-door panels, interior doors and oak ceilings in the lobby have survived to this day. The walls are irrevocably damaged by modern plastic panels.

Vinogradovo, estate: excursions

The estate is of considerable historical and architectural value: a spectacular neo-Empire style house, the Vladimir Church with a bell tower, a wooden residential two-story house with a glass transition to the outbuilding-kitchen, fragments of a preserved greenhouse and a glacier, an ancient necropolis, etc. - all thisis in the public domain. Ancient porcelain, engravings, books with Pushkin's autographs are stored here. The estate has a beautiful pond and an old park.

Since at present there is a sanatorium for children with heart disease on the territory of the estate, the estate is not accessible for visiting. Once upon a time, children were treated here and studied at the same time. But since no one was engaged in repairing the buildings for a long time, they became so dilapidated that the sanatorium ceased to function. And yet, those who want to get here on an excursion are given a categorically negative answer.

How to get to the territory?

Despite the ban, fans of walking among the beautiful nature and imbued with the local historical spirit are still attracted by the old estate of Vinogradovo. Is it possible to enter the territory? This question is very relevant on the Web.

Dolgoprudnaya station is half an hour drive from Moscow. From the railway platform to the estate - two kilometers. It is quite possible to walk to it. For those who are planning to go for a walk here, the authors of the reviews recommend: you can get to the estate through special gaps made in the fence.

Address

On the Internet you can meet the question: where is the estate of Vinogradovo, how to get here for those who wish? Users willingly share recommendations. Thanks to them, the Vinogradovo estate can be found. Its location address: Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Dmitrovskoe Highway, 167.

How can I get here by public transport?

So, where isestate Vinogradovo, how to get here?

• From art. metro station "Altufievo" by bus number 685 or 273 you can get to the stop. Vinogradovo.
• You can from Art. metro station "Petrovsko-Razumovskaya" get to the place by bus number 763.
• Take a train to the Dolgoprudnaya railway station (Savelovskoye direction), then walk about 2 km.

Routes

Buses/route taxis run between Moscow and Dolgoprudny:

• From art. Metro station Altufievo (Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line) - No. 456.
• "River Station" (Zamoskvoretskaya line) - No. 368.
• Planernaya (Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line) - No. 472.

By car

Who wants to know where the Vinogradovo estate in Dolgoprudny is located, how to get here, another option is offered. If you drive along the Dmitrovskoye Highway, then about 1 km from the Moscow Ring Road (Businovo-Khovrino junction) you need to turn left. After the railway crossing, there is a traffic police post at the intersection. Here you should go straight to Likhachesky proezd.

Vinogradovo, estate: reviews of tourists

Those who have been here unanimously testify: Vinogradovo remains in your memory for a long time, you strive to return here in your dreams. The picturesqueness of this place, as well as the architectural beauties of the ruins and what remains, the reviewers paid a lot of attention. Vinogradovo is called a very beautiful estate, located in a wonderful place on the shores of a beautiful lake. But here's the paradox: it is not recommended for friends to relax.

Shut up, sadness…

The disadvantage of the estate reviews is its numerous destruction and desolation. Vinogradovo, according to tourists, seems to be beyond restoration. Most likely, the estate will soon be gone.

The authors of the reviews state that the impression of what they saw desolation is very sad. Someone calls the situation when historical monuments in Russia are being destroyed terrible.

Conclusion

Currently, a whole layer of unique wooden manor and country houses of the early twentieth century is rapidly being lost.

Many valuable buildings in the Vinogradovo estate are on the verge of destruction. There is every reason to believe that in a few years from the centuries-old manor culture, only its idealized image on the pages of specialized sites will remain for descendants. I really hope that this forecast is still too pessimistic.