Russia is a huge country famous for the beauty of its nature. On the territory of the state there are a great many beautiful places. These are majestic mountains, lakes and rivers, virgin forests. Russia is also famous for its nature reserves, which are home to many animals and plants. One of their representatives is "Shaitan-Tau". The mountain range with the same name is located between the Sakmara and Kuruila rivers. The southern part is located in Orenburg, and the northern part is in Bashkiria.
General Description
The Shaitan-Tau nature reserve in the Orenburg region has a diverse flora and fauna. An example of invertebrates is archaeocyates, which are classified as sponges. They lived about 500 years ago and existed for 9 million years. The creatures lived in the sea at a depth of no more than 100 meters. In the Urals, in Siberia and in other parts of Russia, the remains of these living creatures were found.
The Shaitan-Tau Nature Reserve, the photo of which is given in this article, is quite large, its area is 41 kilometers long and 13 kilometers wide. The main terrain in this territory is mountain-forest-steppe. This natural site is locatedat the junction of landscape zones. "Shaitan-Tau" - a reserve that arose on the site of the Ural Mountains. Most of the area was flooded with water (because of which the archaeocyats died out). The Zalair plateau is a flat part of the territory.
Fauna
There are various types of animals on the territory of the natural object. Among them: mammals - 40 species, many different birds - 101 species, reptiles - 5 species of animals of this class, amphibians - 2 species. The reserve "Shaitan-Tau" has a lot of Lepidoptera living creatures - 138 species. Animals typical of this natural area live in the forest: bears, squirrels, elks, foxes. As well as birds: capercaillie, black grouse, woodpeckers. Jerboas, ground squirrels, mice live in the steppes, there are peregrine falcons, lizards, eagles and turtles.
Flora
In the 1990s, a study was conducted under the leadership of Ryabinin, who listed rare plants in need of protection. These include those that grow in mountain steppes and broad-leaved forests, for example, in the Southern Urals. They also include relict plants, which are the remains of forests. Particular attention was paid to those representatives of flora and fauna that were listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. In the protected area there are many plants that are economic. They are divided into the following types: decorative (38 types), melliferous (22 types) and 16 types of medicinal.
"Shaitan-Tau" is a reserve, on the territory of which many rare, almost extinct plants grow. They must be under the protection and protection of man, since this natural object is the only habitat for them. Which was one of the reasons for the formation of a protected area in this area.
History of Creation
Shaitan-Tau is a nature reserve that the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources planned to create in 2012. Vladimir Putin approved this idea. The action was aimed at increasing the number of cultural and national treasures of Russia, increasing the number of parks, natural sites and reserves. The objects under protection include national parks, gardens, nature reserves, he alth resorts. These territories have been removed from the hands of people engaged in farming in these natural areas, as they are the cultural, national, and aesthetic heritage of Russia.
If the resources of the ecosystem are misused, this can cause the extinction of many species of flora and fauna. Since 1947, the state has planned to build a reserve in the Orenburg region. The Academic Council in Orenburg considered the idea of creating a protected area, deciding to create a nature reserve "Shaitan-Tau". Currently, the creation of this natural object is in the process and has not yet been completed. The organization of the reserve in Orenburg and Bashkortostan is decided independently in each region. The facility chairmen wanted to make a nature reserve back in 1978. Soon the working group prepared a plan to create a protected area.
Why do we need a reserve? Creation problems
Shaitan-Tau -reserve area of 8-10 thousand hectares. Some state authorities considered the territory too small and insufficient for the protection of natural heritage. At the first stage, they wanted to increase the total area of the facility, but then decided to leave everything unchanged.
Most of the inhabitants of these territories were against the initiative to create a protected area. Before building the Shaitan-Tau nature reserve in the Orenburg region, a vote was held. On the day of the survey, there was a conflict between the population of Orenburg and local authorities. Absolutely the entire population voted against the project. But the authorities responded to this with a letter in which they wrote that the creation of a natural object was confirmed by the government. They found it inappropriate to agree with the opinion of the people, not close enough to the culture. Now "Shaitan-Tau" is a nature reserve, which is included in the list of specially protected natural objects.
The laws of the reserve
Prohibited on the protected area:
- agriculture;
- any unauthorized human entry;
- deforestation;
- holiday;
- fishing;
- hunting;
- gathering.
However, despite these laws, many people harm the reserve with their activities. Every year, a large number of forests burn down on its territory. In addition, people hunt animals, especially brown bears, whose fur is valuable. The population continues to collect rare plants for the purpose of their furthersales.
In closing
Property and cultural heritage of Russia - "Shaitan-Tau" (reserve). The regulation on its creation legalized this zone and made it inviolable. The territory of the reserve is home to many animals and plants, most of which are valuable, rare and listed in the Red Book.
This natural object has extraordinary beauty. People need to take care of the heritage of their country, not to engage in activities that are unfavorable and destructive to nature in the territories of nature reserves and parks. The state must protect the nature of Russia, do everything possible to improve it and prevent people from harming it. This is one of the most topical topics of our time, which has been worrying true connoisseurs of natural resources, biologists, florists, and scientists for hundreds of years in a row. But the common citizen is very seldom aware of the harm done by his desire to spend his time at the expense of nature. There are not so many reserves, but they still perform the most important function, saving the whole world from future disasters.
