Which river is the city of Zima on? On the left bank of the Oka, which flows into the Angara. Or on the river Winter. She falls into the Oka. It is impossible to say unequivocally on which river the city of Zima stands. It is bounded on both sides by rivers - Zima and Oka.
Historical facts
It is not so important on which river the city of Zima stands, the main thing is that the first mention of it appeared in the middle of the 18th century in the "Revision Tales" - ancient documents of the Central State Archive. In 1743, the Irkutsk Chancellery issued an order to organize a station along the Great Moscow Road. In the 18th century, prisoners were driven along it. The city of Zima on the Oka River (or Zima?) got its name from the natives - the Buryats. They talked about this place - land, in translation - misconduct, guilt.
The first inhabitant of Zima is the coachman Nikifor Matveev. In 1743, by the Decree of the Irkutsk Chancellery, he was assigned from the Bratsk prison to the Ziminsky Stanets for the maintenance of a haul chase for a seven hryvnia salary.
Throughout the second half of the 18th century and the entire 19th century, the city of Zima developed as a tract village. Workers and exiles settled here - builders, railway workers, prisoners. In 1878 the village was the center of rural society. It also included the village of Ukhtui andKhulgunuyskaya Zaimka. Until now, the local history museum has preserved photographs of convicts - the builders of the railway, the arrival of the first steam locomotive in 1889, the carriage - the church.
1891 marked the beginning of the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway. A locomotive depot, workshops, a station, a residential village were built.
The new status of the settlement was assigned by the Soviet government. Since 1917, the city of Zima has stood on the Oka River at the confluence of the Zima River.
Geographical characteristic
The area is about 53 square meters. m. The regional center of Irkutsk is located 251 km to the southeast. The relief is a plain, slightly inclined to the Oka River, in some places very swampy, with a high occurrence of groundwater. On the territory of Zima there are lenses of permafrost, aggressive waters, floating waters, and strongly podzolized soils. Seismic indicators - 6 points.
The sharply continental climate determines the temperature in winter to -40 degrees, in summer - up to +30 degrees. The frost-free period lasts 90-93 days. The first frosts begin in early September and end in early June. Precipitation is 44 mm per year, most (60%) - in the summer.
Deposits are represented by sand and gravel mixtures, brick loam, coal, gas, rock s alt, sand, limestone.
Economy
Today the city of Zima is the center of the administrative region, a major station of the Eastern Railway. The basis of the economy is formed by railway transport enterprises: wagon and locomotive depots,communication distance, track distances, railway station "Zima" of the Trans-Siberian Railway. All of them are part of Russian Railways.
In addition, there are private sawmills and woodworking enterprises. They are based on the basis of the former concrete goods, LDK and small sawmills. The Ziminsky chemical plant now belongs to the city of Sayansk and is called OJSC Sayankhimplast.
Okinskaya poultry farm is one of the largest producers of poultry meat, eggs, livestock products (meat, milk), grain in the country.
Utilities are provided by ten utilities.
Social sphere
Education is represented by general education schools in the amount of eight institutions, a lyceum, a primary vocational school PU-6, which trains personnel for the railway, an auxiliary correctional school, a children's and youth sports school, and a training and production complex.
In addition, there are nine kindergartens in Zima, a house of creativity for children and youth, two clubs for teenagers, and a summer he alth camp.
He alth care is represented by the city hospital, nineteen structural units of emergency and primary he alth care. JSC "Russian Railways" founded a non-state hospital to provide primary, outpatient and inpatient services to its employees, pensioners and their families.
Cultural institutions are represented by the Rossiya Center, the Gorizont City Cinema, the Museum of Local Lore, the Yevgeny Yevtushenko House-Museum of Poetry, a centralized library system, a music school, a children'sart school, home of crafts.
Suburban railway communication is carried out with Irkutsk and the cities of the region, bus - with Sayansk. To Moscow by rail 4934 km. The M-53 federal highway passes near the city.
The look of the city
Here you can find multi-storey and comfortable houses, and wooden low buildings with plots. Block and brick structures are mostly located in the villages of Gidrolizny and Zheleznodorozhny in the eastern part. In the old part of the city, most of the buildings are one-story. Almost 40% of the housing stock is located in Staraya Zima, the central part of the settlement.
The architectural heritage is represented by the current white-stone church of St. Nicholas the Pleasant (1884), wooden estates of the 19th century.
It doesn't matter what river the city of Zima stands on, the main thing is that it exists.
