Ural tributaries: description

2024 Author: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 11:40

The retinue makes the king, and the tributaries make the big rivers. They fill the main channel with water, form its basin and coastline. Their number can vary from one to several dozen. All tributaries of the Urals are inferior to it in length. Between themselves, they are divided into left and right in the direction of the flow.

Ural

The ancient name of the Urals is Yaik. So it was called until January 15, 1775, until the Russian Empress Catherine II renamed the river by her decree. The reason was the Pugachev rebellion, after it was suppressed, many geographical names of that area were changed in order to erase any mention of it from the people's memory.

The river occupies the 3rd place in Europe in terms of length, only the Danube and Volga are ahead. It is the second largest water artery that feeds the Caspian Sea. The source of the Urals is located on the slope of the Round Hill (Ur altau Ridge, Bashkortostan) at an altitude of 637 meters. The first tributaries of the Urals - an unnamed river on the left, on the right Chagan (one of the largest) flow less than a kilometer from the source. Their total number is 82: 44 - right, 38 - left.

The length of the main channel is 2428 kilometers. In Russia, it flows through the territory first of Bashkortostan, then through the Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions. Moreover, in the latter, the Ural passes most of the Russian route of 1164 km. In Kazakhstan, it carries its waters through the Atyrau and West Kazakhstan regions for 1082 kilometers.

The area of the basin (the river itself, its delta, tributaries of the Urals, reservoirs) is 231,000 km2. The Upper Ural resembles a mountain shallow (up to 1.5 m) river, up to 80 meters wide. From Verkhne-Uralsk it acquires a flat character. Then to Orsk, making its way through the rocky shores, it is replete with rifts. After the right tributary of the river, the Sakmara calms down, acquires a wide winding channel with a calm flow.

Right

If you look at the map, the river looks like a curved tree with a thickening in the middle and short branches. The length of most tributaries is no more than 20 kilometers. The right tributaries of the Ural River, although they exceed the number of the left ones, are inferior to them in terms of the total volume of water. Large rivers include rivers (length in km):

Guberlya – 111;
Small Dogwood – 113;
Irtek – 134;
Tanalyk – 225;
Chagan – 264;
Big Dogwood – 172;
Sakmara – 798.

The largest right tributary of the Urals is the Sakmara. In addition to the fact that the river has a decent length, it has numerous tributaries of the 2nd order. It flows almost parallel to the main channel. Its upper course is characteristic of mountain rivers with high steep banks, its middle and lower courses resemble a wide, calm,flat river.

List of right tributaries:

Name of tributary	Confluence from the mouth (km)	River length (km)
Chagan (Shagan, Big Chagan)	793	264
Frontier	885	80
Bykovka (Big Bull)	897	82
Embulatovka	901	82
Irtek	981	134
Kosh	1002	47
Big Toothpick	1192	16
Kamysh-Samarka	1202	26
Elshanka (Tokmakovka)	1229	18
Keys	1237	19
Chain	1246	13
Kargalka (Big Kargalka)	1262	70
Sakmara	1286	798
Alabaytalka	1484	12
Elshanka	1518	15
Dry Valley	1531	12
Mechetka (Kukryak)	1541	19
Aksakalk	1555	18
Dry River	1407	12
Knitting	1436	28
Karalga	1558	21
Dirty 1st	1559	12
Pismyanka	1583	18
Elshanka	1596	17
Kinderla (Linnet)	1614	22
Dry River	1622	22
Guberlya	1633	111
Tanalik	1827	225
Big Urtazymka	1885	87
Skinny	2002	81
Big Dogwood	2014	172
Yangelka	2091	73
Small Dogwood	2172	113
Rust	2177	16
Yamskaya	2264	20
Yalshanka (Elshang)	2293	11
Karanelga	2316	13
Mindyak	2320	60
Small Tustu	2361	18
Tarlau	2376	11
Kurgash	2381	21
Birsya	2390	30
Baral	2398	21

Left

The largest left tributaries are (length in km):

Zingeyka –102;
Bolshaya Karaganka – 111;
Urta-Burtya – 115;
Gumbaika - 202;
Big Kumak – 212;
Chest - 174;
Or - 332;
Ilek – 623.

Lefta tributary of the Ural River - Ilek - originates in the Mutodzhar mountains (South Kazakhstan). Near the river, a well-developed valley has two terraces above the floodplain, rich in numerous oxbow lakes and channels. The total area of the basin is 41300 km², the annual water flow rate is about 1500 m^{3, the average water flow is 40 m³/s. Ilek is a typical steppe river with a pronounced spring flood. The largest left tributary of the Urals, despite the huge catchment area, does not claim to be the most abundant.}

Left tributaries:

Name of tributary	Confluence from the mouth (km)	River length (km)
Un titled	905	21
Solyanka (Jaxy-Bourlue, Jaxy-Burlue)	924	51
Black	1173	96
Toothpick	1196	17
Krestovka	1221	19
Donguz	1251	95
Ilek	1085	623
Nameless	1471	14
Berdyanka	1323	65
Burtya	1404	95
Urta-Burtya	1480	95
Tuzlukkol (Tuzluk-Kul)	1500	20
Karagashty	1514	13
Burly	1528	37
Un titled	1557	13
Zhangyzagashsay (Dzhangyz-Agach-Say)	1569	12
Alimbet	1595	45
Un titled	1629	12
Terekla (Kosagach)	1641	23
Shoshka (Cup)	1662	47
Shout	1715	332
Big Kumak (Kuma, Kumak)	1733	212
Chest (Suyndyk)	1828	174
Tashla	1847	31
Burle	1860	29
Lower Goose	1907	18
Medium Goose	1916	15
Upper Goose	1938	23
Big Karaganka (Karaganka)	1959	111
Sinful	2018	10
Dry	2037	16
Zingeyka	2104	102
Gumbeika	2116	202
Dry River	2136	31
Thieves' (Asche-Butak, Kara-Butak)	2217	26
Urlyada	2274	42
Kandybulak	2343	23

Use

Ural is not a navigable river. The main direction of its use is tourism and fishing. The tributaries of the Urals are not inferior to the main channel in terms of beauty and the presence of fish, almost 30 species are read in them. Many tourist bases have been built on the shores.

The lakes formed by the river attract the attention of lovers of the wildrecreation. Beautiful sandy beaches, calm still water and excellent fishing will satisfy any request.

Magnitogorsk and Khalilov metallurgical plants use the waters of the Urals in their work. A hydroelectric power station was built near the village of Iriklinskaya. In agriculture, it is used to irrigate fields.