Surely every person at least once heard the name of the area as Tmutarakan. For some reason, it is considered to be a common noun. And the associations with this name are "backwoods", "outback" or "deaf province". In fact, the settlement bearing this name existed on the territory of today's Taman Peninsula. The plot of land that separates the two seas (Black and Azov) is indented by many estuaries. And there is only one district here - Temryuk. Its administrative center is the city of Temryuk.
History
As far back as the 14th century, Kopa, a Genoese colony, was located on the territory of the modern city. At the end of the 15th - beginning of the 16th century, it was replaced by the city of Tumnev, which is part of the Crimean Khanate. Several centuries ago (in 1556), the Kabardian prince Temryuk Idarovich built a fortress and named it after himself. In less than twenty years, the fortress again passed to the Crimean Khan and was renamed - now this territory was called Adis. Three centuries afterfoundation, the settlement received the status of a city. By the way, in just 10 years the population of the city has almost doubled: in 1860, 4,500 thousand people lived here, and in 1970 - already about 8,500.
Temryuk sea port
Only 4 kilometers from the city of Temryuk is the seaport of the same name. It is located where the most abundant river of the Kuban region flows into the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov. This port appeared by decree of Alexander II on March 31, 1860. In the document, the emperor says that a port is being opened on the Sea of Azov, and the port city of Temryuk is being established next to it.
The appearance of the sea gate was a powerful impetus to the development of the city. A post office was opened here in 1861, and a telegraph station appeared four years later. Another five years passed, and a city public bank was established in Temryuk. At the same time, the Indo-European Telegraph began to operate in the city. The actively developing shipping became the reason that 450,000 rubles were allocated for the construction of the closed port. During the work, a branch of the Kuban River was fenced off from the canal and connected to the sea. When the construction of the port was completed, 15 thousand people already lived in the city. The port of Temryuk has become the leading enterprise in this area. Representative offices of companies from Greece and France have opened here.
Navigation issues
For several decades, the main problem of the port was high drifting. Due to significant sand drifts, the port was only accessible to shallow draft ships. They tried to deepen the bottom repeatedly, but the desired resultshave not been achieved. Funds were needed to solve this problem. Moreover, the amount was so large that it was possible to build a new port on it. The First World War, the revolution and the economic collapse of the Soviet Union delayed the solution of port problems.
For fourteen years (from 1935 to 1949) the seaport of Temryuk was the property of the Ministry of the Navy of the USSR. In the summer of 1949, it was transferred to the Ministry of Fisheries. Nine years later, the port was abolished, merging with the fish factory of the city of Temryuk. It was possible to return the status only in 1994.
Modern port
Today Temryuk (port) continues to expand rapidly. He has everything for economic development. From year to year, the total cargo turnover is also growing. In the first half of 2016, it amounted to 1 million 400 thousand tons of cargo. Specialists note a stable growth in the transshipment of liquid chemical cargoes and inert materials needed for the construction of a gas pipeline from the Kuban to the Crimea.
19 berths are ready to receive vessels with a length not exceeding 140 meters, a width of 17.5 meters, and a draft of not more than 4.6 meters. The port of Temryuk is open all year round.
Port Kavkaz
On the spit with the funny name Chushka, located in the Kerch Strait of the Sea of Azov, is the port of Kavkaz. This is the fifth port of Russia in terms of cargo turnover. Its capacity is 400 thousand passengers per year. In addition, it allows you to receive train ferries.
The port of Kavkaz was built in the middle of the last century. Then its main purposethere was a ferry service and intermodal transportation. In 2004 the port was reconstructed. Since then, the number of ships and the turnover of goods have not ceased to increase. About 30 flights a day are made from the port - the ferry departs every half an hour. Waiting for loading, not exceeding an hour, will pass unnoticed in the spacious hall where the cafe operates. The only problem is the dependence of the port on weather conditions. The commissioning of the bridge across the Kerch Strait will solve it.
Fans of traveling in the southern part of the country are often worried about the distance from Temryuk to the port of Kavkaz. There are only 55.1 kilometers in a straight line between these two points on the map. However, the actual distance is more than 66.8 km. You can cover this distance by car in an hour. Hikers will need more time - the journey from Temryuk to the port of Kavkaz will take a little more than 13 hours. In addition, you can get there by bus.
