Russia is a unique country. It is surrounded by twelve seas and three oceans. This suggests that the country has a well-developed fleet. Transportation of goods by sea has the lowest price, which is important for the economy of any country. Ice-free ports play a special role here. There are not very many of them in Russia. These ports include harbors with ice escort for less than two months a year.
Murmansk
This is the largest harbor in the world, located beyond the Arctic Circle. It is located on the coast of the Barents Sea, on the Kola Peninsula. The port in Murmansk is covered with ice only in the most severe winters, at such times ships are carried out with the help of icebreakers and tugboats.
Great depth of approach routes allows any ships to pass to the port. There are 16 cargo berths and 5 auxiliary berths, which stretch for 3.4 kilometers. Almost all of them have railway tracks.
Kaliningrad
This B altic ice-free port of Russia has a veryconvenient location. There are many European capitals around it: Stockholm, Vilnius, Copenhagen, Warsaw, Berlin and others. The port was built on the Kaliningrad Sea Canal, which is an artificial reservoir, as well as at the mouth of the Pregol River. The length of the berths is 17 kilometers. Only vessels with a size of up to 200 meters and a draft of up to 8 meters are allowed to enter the port.
Novorossiysk
This ice-free port is considered the largest in the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. Its length is 8 kilometers, and the number of berths is considered the largest among all ports in Russia. It is located in the Tsemesskaya Bay of the Black Sea. The port passes vessels with a draft of 12.5 meters and a carrying capacity of up to 250,000 tons. The work of the Novorossiysk port stops only during the arrival of the Nord-Ost wind, it is considered dangerous for ships. As a rule, this happens in winter.
Tuapse
This port is considered the second most important after Novorossiysk in the Krasnodar Territory. Vessels with a draft of up to 12 meters and a length of up to 250 meters can pass here. The port handles dangerous goods of various categories. There are 7 berths in total here.
Yeysk
This ice-free port is located on the coast of the Taganrog Bay, which belongs to the Sea of Azov. This is the third most important port in the Krasnodar Territory. Vessels with a draft of up to 4 meters and a length of up to 142 meters are allowed to pass here.
Makhachkala
This harbor is considered the largest in the Caspian Sea. Port lengthis more than 2 kilometers long, and the number of berths reaches 20. Vessels with a draft of up to 6.5 meters and a length of up to 150 meters are allowed to pass here.
Oriental
This port is located in the Wrangel Bay and is washed by the waters of the Nakhodka Bay. It belongs to the major trading harbors of Russia, located in the Pacific Ocean. The port is connected with the country through the Trans-Siberian Railway. There are 25 berths and 8 terminals on its territory. Accepts ships with a draft of up to 13 meters and a length of up to 290 meters.
Nakhodka
This is the largest non-freezing port on the coast of the Sea of Japan. More than 18 million tons of cargo is handled here annually. There are 108 berths along the length of more than 16 kilometers. Vessels with a length of up to 245 meters and a draft of up to 11.5 meters can enter here.
Zarubino
This port of Primorsky Krai is located in Trinity Bay. Not far from it are the ports of China and North Korea. The length of the harbor is about one kilometer and has 7 berths. Vessels with a draft of up to 7 meters and a length of no more than 130 meters are accepted here.
Nevelsk
Another ice-free port of Russia, which is located on the coast of Sakhalin Island. The harbor has 26 berths and stretches for a distance of 2.7 kilometers. Accepts ships with a draft of up to 5, 5 and a length of up to 120 meters.
Posyet
The harbor is located just south of Vladivostok in Posiet Bay, which belongs to the Sea of Japan. The length of the port territory is 2.4 kilometers, it has 16 berths. Vessels with draft are accepted hereup to 9 meters and no longer than 183 meters.
Kholmsk
The port is located on the island of Sakhalin on the coast of the Gulf of Tatar, in the waters of the Sea of Japan. The harbor is 2.5 kilometers long and has 27 berths. Ships with a draft of up to 8 meters and a length of up to 130 meters can enter here.
Are there still ice-free seaports
All ports located in the southern harbors of Russia are also non-freezing. These are the ports of Sochi, Anapa, Gelendzhik, Taman, the port of Temryuk and the port of Kavkaz. And after the annexation of Crimea to the territory of the Russian Federation, the harbors of Sevastopol, Evpatoria and Kerch can be attributed here.
