Old Sviblovo is a typical Russian estate of the late 18th - early 19th centuries. Unfortunately, time did not spare her, but what has been preserved is of interest as a historical and cultural monument. In the 20th century, many rare buildings were lost, but today the Sviblovo estate is being reborn. In 1994, the Moscow Government decided to transfer the estate and create the Sviblovsky Patriarchal Compound on its territory.
History
According to ancient legend, the name of the estate is associated with the name of the governor Svibla, who served under Dmitry Donskoy. The courtyard is mentioned in the works of A. S. Pushkin, the works of N. M. Karamzin, but as Svirlovo.
Starting from the 17th century, these lands belonged to the Pleshcheev family. Then they passed into the possession of the master of Peter the Great, who later rose to the post of commandant of St. Petersburg, and then became the governor of Moscow.
Main house
In 1704, stone chambers appeared in the estate. The main house was built by Swedish soldiers who were captured after the Battle of Poltava. In 1709, the Trinity Church was rebuilt from stone. The bell that crowned it went to the owner inas a trophy from the Swedes.
Judging by the surviving documents, the Sviblovo estate was surrounded by an English-style garden. It had spruce, linden and birch alleys. Flower beds with various plants were planted along them. There was a theater in this garden.
The main house looked very picturesque from the Yauza side. In its bend was an artificial island, which was divided into four sectors and decorated with a picturesque gazebo. The wooden rotunda made of tess, which had a tent covering, ended with a belvedere. And its top was crowned with a spire. In those days, with the help of dams that were built near the island, the meadow was filled with water, and it was possible to get to the rotunda only on a wooden raft. From the house was laid a walking path to the bath. A round platform with a pavilion for relaxation was also organized here.
This estate passed to the Golitsyn family after M. S. Pleshcheeva became the wife of one of the representatives of this ancient family - P. Ya. Golitsyn. True, they did not remain the owners of the estate for long.
In 1782 the estate was bought by Major-General N. P. Vysotsky, who was the nephew of Grigory Potemkin, the favorite of Empress Catherine II. In the 20s of the 19th century, the estate again passed to a new owner. This time it was the we althy merchant I. P. Kozhevnikov, and in 1867 it was bought by B. K. Khalatov. Its last owner before the October Revolution was his son - G. B. Khalatov.
Manor after the revolution
In timesDuring the reign of the Bolshevik government, the Sviblovo estate gradually began to fall into decay - part of the park was cut down, many buildings were demolished, and those buildings that survived were used for household needs.
At first, the Revolutionary Committee of the local settlement was placed in the main manor house, later communal apartments were arranged here for military personnel, who at that time were assigned to the railway guard.
Sviblovo Estate today
Starting from 1997, the Sviblovo estate, the photo of which you see in our article, is the property of the Russian Orthodox Church. She is gradually reborn.
Today, the area has been ennobled, the ponds have been cleaned, and the canal located around the island has been restored. The lost gazebo-rotunda was recreated on it. The main house of the estate, which was built in the style of classicism, was also restored.
Once its front parts were decorated with graceful balconies supported by columns. The second floor and mezzanine were built of wood, but during the restoration they were made of stone. The central part of the building is distinguished by a portico, which consists of four columns.
On both sides of the main house of the estate there are outbuildings that give the building austerity and solemnity. When originally built, they were also wooden, but during the reconstruction they were built of brick.
The L-shaped human wing has also survived to our times. It was built at the beginning of the 19th century on the foundations of the chambers that were built in the 18th century. Above it at the end of the 19th centurybuilt a wooden second floor.
Church of the Life-Giving Trinity in the estate of Sviblovo
Surprisingly, this ancient temple survived in the estate. It was built in 1708 in the Baroque style. The temple in the Sviblovo estate is distinguished by the decorative decoration of the interior, made in the same style. True, some elements of architecture were added to them, which are typical of the time of Peter the Great. At the end of the 17th century, a belfry built in the style of classicism appeared next to the temple.
School in the Sviblovo Estate
Today the Orthodox school named after Sergius of Radonezh works in the estate. She accepted her first students in September 2001. The opening of the school was blessed by Alexy II - Patriarch of All Russia. Nine years later (2010), the school received the status of a non-state secondary general education Orthodox school. Having received a license in 2011, the school became an independent general education institution.
In addition to the general educational program, school students study such disciplines as the Law of God, the basics of Orthodox culture, church singing, liturgy, the history of the New and Old Testament and ancient languages.
In addition, the guys are engaged in various crafts - bead embroidery, ceramics, artistic embroidery, master the basics of gold embroidery, weave lace, and paint on glass and silk. School students participate in all-Russian and international exhibitions, where their work never goes unnoticed.
Children's and youth school choir is a regular participant of all-Russian and international competitions and festivals of Russian folk and sacred music. He became their laureate many times.
Today, the Sviblovo estate, located at 15 Lazorevy proezd, has become a place of cultural recreation for many Muscovites who want to learn the history of their native places.
