Ostankino is an estate located in the north-east of Moscow, not far from the famous television center. In the old days, many solemn events and holidays were held here.
Today Ostankino is a manor that can be seen in many TV series and films.
History
Ostankino was first mentioned in documents dating back to 1558. In those days, on the site of the current estate there was a village belonging to Alexei Satin. It was called Ostankino. Somewhat later, the keeper of the state seal, clerk Vasily Shchelkanov, became the owner of this settlement. In Ostankino, on his orders, a boyar house was erected, a church was built, a grove was planted and a pond was dug. However, during the Time of Troubles, most of the buildings were razed to the ground.
Restoration of buildings began in the 17th century. At this time, Prince Cherkassky began to own the Ostankino lands. By his order, a stone church was erected on the site of a dilapidated wooden church, a cedar grove was planted and hunting grounds were arranged in the estate. The Cherkassky princes owned these lands for almost a century until Varvara AlekseevnaCherkasskaya (the only daughter of the owner of the estate) did not become the wife of Count Peter Borisovich Sheremetyev. Ostankino was the bride's dowry.
Under Sheremetyev, alleys and a garden appeared on the estate, entertainment pavilions began to be built. Ornamental and agricultural crops began to be planted in the greenhouses by order of the new owner.
Flourishing period
A new stage in the formation of the history of Ostankino began under Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetyev. He was a true connoisseur and connoisseur of the arts, one of the most educated people of that period and a passionate theatergoer. Ostankino is a manor where Sheremetyev was able to fulfill his dream. The count created a theater and palace complex on the estate. Construction work was carried out for six years from 1792. After that, the Ostankino estate acquired its final appearance.
Sheremetyevsky Palace was built according to projects made by outstanding architects of the 18th century. Among them are V. Brenn, F. Camporesi and I. Starov. Fortress architect I. Argunov also took part in the construction.
Wood was used in the construction of the building. After that, the palace was plastered under the stone. The finally formed architectural ensemble of the estate began to include a theater and a small front yard. The decoration of the territory was a pond, as well as landscape and regular gardens.
Building for performances
The best European theaters of those years became the models for designing the palace built by Count Sheremetyev. Visu althe horseshoe-shaped hall was decorated in pink and blue tones. The layout of this room provided excellent audibility and visibility from all its corners. The hall is designed for two hundred and fifty spectators. The stage on which the actors played was one of the largest in Russia. It was twenty-two meters deep and seventeen meters wide. The stage was served by the lower, as well as the two-tiered upper engine rooms. The last of them has been partially preserved to this day.
In order to get into the theater hall, it was necessary to go through the right or left vestibules. Through the left, viewers got into the foyer of the stalls, which was located in the western wing of the building. The Italian pavilion was also located here. Its design in greenish-blue tones resembled a park area. Through the right senets, visitors entered the upper foyer, the halls of which were located directly one after the other. At the very end was an art gallery. The Ostankino theater is interesting. It could be quickly converted into a ballroom.
The theater in the estate of Count Sheremetyev was solemnly opened on 1795-22-07. The stage dimensions made it possible to stage operas written by Russian and Western European composers, in which a quick change of scenery was carried out and there were many mass episodes.
At the opening of the theater they showed the lyrical drama "The Capture of Ishmael". At the same time, the bulk of the invited guests were direct participants in this event.
Architectural complex
Ostankino is a manor, the construction of which was divided into several stages. After the construction of the main wooden building of the theater, several more structures were attached to it. The mezzanine foyer was built, the Egyptian and Italian pavilions, as well as galleries, were symmetrically located. All these structures in the plan represented a U-shaped complex. At the same time, the general axis of the Sheremetev estate near Moscow was oriented towards the Kremlin. An interesting decision was made when decorating the front yard and outbuildings. Together they resembled a stage space.
The Sheremetev estate in Ostankino is distinguished by its classic simplicity. At the same time, the latter is combined with an abundance of gilding and mirrors used in the design of the interior of the premises. Valuable works of art decorated the rooms of the palace.
Layout
Sheremetyev built the estate for his beloved, the serf actress Praskovya Kovaleva-Zhemchugova, with whom he was secretly married. Not far from the estate appeared Pleasure Garden. During its planning, various types of elements of the park zone were combined. Together they made an interesting composition. A rampart was erected around the garden. Behind him, on the east side, housed servants' huts, and on the west - a greenhouse and horse yard.
The area to the north has been turned into a Surplus Garden. Walking paths were laid in it, trees were planted and a pond was dug. Near the river Kamenka flowing nearby, the area was also ennobled. Here they dug a wholepond cascade. In those days, Ostankino was a manor in which the secular society of the capital gathered. Various events and holidays were held here, as well as performances were shown.
New life of the estate
In the 19th century. The Sheremetyevs moved to St. Petersburg. Since that time, they began to visit their estate only occasionally. However, despite the absence of the hosts, on holidays they still continued to organize festivities, during which representatives of the secular circles of the capital gathered in the Pleasure Garden. Ordinary people on the shore of the pond arranged picnics. A little later, the managers of the estate near Moscow of the Sheremetev family began to rent out estate buildings for summer cottages. At the same time, the palace could be viewed with special permission, and then it was completely turned into a private museum.
The fate of the estate after the October Revolution
The Ostankino estate (see photo below) was nationalized after the advent of Soviet power.
In 1918 it was turned into a state museum. Since 1938, the Sheremetyevs' estate was renamed the Palace-Museum of the Creativity of Serfs. The estate received a new name in 1992. It became the Moscow Ostankino Estate Museum.
Ostankino today
Currently, the Ostankino Estate Museum is included in the list of specially protected objects in Russia. The entire territory of the former estate of Count Sheremetyev can be divided into three parts. These are Pleasure Garden, Palace and Park.
In the museum-estate Ostankino visitorscan get acquainted with a rich collection of icons of ancient Russia, as well as wooden sculptures made from the end of the fifteenth to the beginning of the twentieth century. An interesting exposition of graphics and paintings, as well as a collection of furniture dating back to the 14th-19th centuries.
Collecting was a favorite pastime of most noble people. The Sheremetyevs were also fond of this. Their collections are presented in the first hall of the museum. After examining the unique items collected here, visitors are invited to go to the gallery. On the walls of this room hang various drawings, projects and measurement drawings of the 18th century. All of them are related to the design and construction work carried out during the construction of the palace in the Ostankino estate. Next, visitors move on to the Italian Pavilion, which is the most luxuriously decorated in the estate. It contains a corridor leading to the office of Count Sheremetyev. However, guests are not allowed to enter it. The Italian Pavilion is connected to the Engraving Gallery by the Prokhodnaya Gallery. This room is an integral part of the theater's lower foyer. The last pavilion that visitors can enter is the Egyptian one. It is located away from the palace building and is connected to it only by a small walkway gallery.
Museum work
Your end point of the route is the Ostankino estate? How to get to it? From the VDNKh metro station, you will need to transfer to tram No. 11 or 17 and get to the final stop. You can walk. From the metro station in the direction of the television center, the journey will take about fifteen minutes. The museum opens to visitors on May 15. The endingexcursion season - 30 September. The Ostankino estate, which is open from 11 am to 7 pm, does not receive visitors during rain or high humidity. Days off - Monday and Tuesday.
