One of the most popular modes of transport, especially when traveling long distances, is by air. Traveling by plane is fast compared to land transport, highly comfortable and safe. Despite information about tragedies and plane crashes, according to statistics, the flight is the safest way to travel.
If you compare the frequency of air crashes and accidents on roads, it becomes clear that the plane is still much more reliable.
Passenger liners
The first passenger aircraft began to be used massively from the beginning of the 20th century. They were small and carried no more than 15 passengers at a time. Over time, aviation has developed more and more, aircraft began to be produced in many countries of the world. In the last century, their models were evaluated solely in terms of passenger and cargo capacity, as well as flight range. At present, in addition to these indicators, tomanufacturers have more requirements - the aircraft must be economical in terms of fuel consumption and have a very low noise level. In modern conditions, these requirements are very important, and manufacturing companies around the world are obliged to take them into account.
Types of passenger liners
According to their dimensions, passenger aircraft are usually divided into wide-body, narrow-body, regional and local. Wide-body aircraft are the largest in terms of size and passenger capacity, their length is more than 70 meters, and their diameter is 4-5 meters. The width in the cabin of such an airliner fits 6-10 rows of passenger seats. These aircraft are used for long or medium haul flights and are very expensive. Narrow-body aircraft are considered the most common, they are available in almost every airline. They are used at medium distances, they are smaller in capacity and diameter - 4 meters. It is to this type that the Airbus Industry A320 belongs, which is much cheaper and more economical to operate. Regional planes can accommodate up to 100 passengers, are more often used for domestic flights within one country, local ones are even smaller in size, they fly over distances of up to 1000 km.
Airbus Industrie ("Airbus Industry A320")
The manufacturer of the A320 aircraft is the European consortium Airbus S. A. S. Work on the creation of such a board began in Europe in the early 70s. The main task facing the manufacturers was to create a model that would accommodate 130-180 passengers, notexceeded the low noise level and made it possible to operate on short runways. Such an aircraft was created 17 years later - the Airbus Industry A320 made its first flight on February 22, 1987. All work on his research was completed, and he was put into production. "Airbus Industry A320" (photos of the aircraft are presented in the article) makes an impression with its appearance not only on aviation professionals, but also on passengers.
The first customer was the French airline AIR France, it was she who purchased the first aircraft. This happened after the Airbus Industry A320 aircraft passed mandatory certification in Europe at the end of February 1988, and in the United States in December. Then, in the following years, this model gained worldwide popularity and spread around the world.
Features
"Airbus Industry A320" has a number of technical features that distinguish it from other aircraft of this type. The most important distinguishing feature is considered to be the presence of a fly-by-wire control system - EDSU. Previously, such a system was not used in aircraft construction, for the first time it was installed on the Airbus Industry A320. In the cockpit on the dashboard there are 6 screens that display information about the state of the engines and the position of the aircraft, as well as information from auxiliary systems. In addition, there is an improvement in the cockpit - the so-called sidesticks, side handles - they replace the usual functions in their functions.aircraft steering wheel. Each pilot, for his part, has such a sidestick. All technical innovations and new characteristics make it possible to automate the control of the aircraft, in connection with this, the number of pilots has been reduced to two people. The changes affected not only the cockpit, but also the passenger cabin - compared to other aircraft of this type, the Airbus Industry A320 has a wider cabin, more space for hand luggage. The shelves are 11% wider, individual lighting is provided above each passenger seat, it is now possible to adjust the brightness of the interior lighting from 0 to 100%.
Automatic control of the aircraft "Airbus Industry A320" is carried out due to the operation of on-board computers - they have also been optimized and improved. Thanks to all these technical characteristics, it has gained trust and popularity around the world. Many Russian airlines constantly use this particular aircraft model, Airbus Industry A320, Aeroflot, Siberia S7 and others.
Salon scheme
Each seat in the passenger cabin has a number of disadvantages and advantages that should be kept in mind when buying a ticket. Modern sales systems allow each passenger who purchases a ticket in advance to choose a specific seat in the cabin. Each of them has not only a number, but also a letter that denotes a row. Therefore, it is desirable for an air passenger to know what kind of cabin layout the Airbus Industry A320 has. On it you can see that places A and F are locatednext to the porthole, rows B and E - in the middle of the seats, C and D - next to the aisle. From the first to the sixth row - business class seats, they have a greater distance between the seats and are laid out almost to the prone position. Rows 1, 12 and 13 are located next to the emergency exit, the last rows are at the toilet.
Most often, passengers prefer seats at the beginning of the cabin - there is a closer exit, more choice of drinks offered. It should be borne in mind that these seats are more often booked by passengers with children. One of the most comfortable aircraft for passengers is the Airbus Industry A320. Frequent flyer reviews testify to its comfort and reliability.
Air crashes
According to official data, 26 serious accidents and disasters occurred during the entire period of operation of the Airbus Industry A320. In most cases, according to the results of investigations, the cause of the plane crash was the human factor - incorrect actions of the pilots and crew led to tragic consequences. Cases of a rough landing of the aircraft are mentioned, in these cases there are no victims, but the aircraft is not subject to further operation. The biggest accident associated with the Airbus Industry A320 is considered to have occurred in 2007 in Sao Paulo - a TAM airline aircraft skidded off a wet runway, crashed into an airport fuel depot and caught fire. There were 199 people on board the plane, but there were no survivors.
