The visiting card of the capital of Ukraine are the famous Kyiv chestnuts, as well as the magnificent Botanical Gardens. Where, if not in this place, can such a grandiose riot of colors of blossoming flowers, the splendor of mighty centuries-old trees and a grandiose variety of shrubs come together? The most famous of the gardens are the arboretums. Grishko and them. Fomina.
Botanical Garden. M. M. Grishko
The Botanical Garden of Kyiv on Pechersk is directly related to the history of the emergence and development of the Academy of Sciences. The initiator of the creation of the Botanical Garden in the city was V. I. Lipsky, a well-known scientist, florist and the first president of the academy. He had a burning desire to build a garden on the territory belonging to the Goloseevsky forest. This idea never came to fruition, as the famous scientist changed his place of residence. But the name of such a versatile personality has firmly entered the history of an amazing garden.
In 1935, a land plot of 117 hectares was allocated in the garden on the Menagerie. Lipsky was a consultant on the arrangement of the botanical masterpiece. After the scientist passed away, his work was continued by V. E. Schmidt. He was also the director of the garden. The Botanical Garden in Pechersk (Kyiv) was created slowly. Firstly, it was underfunded, and secondly, its rather large territory belonged to private owners who left their usual place of residence with great reluctance.
Despite all the obstacles, before the outbreak of World War II, the garden already boasted 1050 plant species and a thousand taxa of crops of greenhouse origin. All this happened thanks to the new director Ya. K. Gotsik and M. M. Grishko, who at that time led the Academy of Sciences.
Grishko in the history of the botanical garden
The Botanical Garden of Friendship of Peoples (Kyiv) was badly damaged during military confrontations. Most of his plants have fallen into disrepair, and some are irretrievably lost.
With the advent of the spring of 1944, the active reconstruction of the reserve began, and in July it came under the direct control of M. M. Grishko. Botanical Splendor has been given the status of an independent division belonging to the Academy of Sciences.
Expeditions abroad began to collect various collections of plants. Grishko wanted to create a garden that would become both a place for citizens to relax and a center of science in Ukraine. The Botanical Garden was opened for guests on May 29, 1964. Today, this institution is a carefully protected area, which is part of the natural reserve fund. Ukraine.
"Population" of the Botanical Garden
Modern Botanical Garden of Kyiv covers an area of 129.86 hectares. Here visitors can admire the uniqueness of the quantity and quality of the collections and their compositions. These are medicinal, vegetable, fodder, flower-decorative, fruit, spicy-aromatic and technical plants. They were collected from all the world's botanical and geographical regions. There are more than ten thousand varieties, species and forms of plantations in the garden. The garden contains the largest collection of linden, walnut, oak, lilac, maple and fruit wild plants in the entire Eastern part of Europe. There is a unique collection of shaped dogwood here.
Kyiv values all this. The Grishko Botanical Garden is both a huge arboretum with an area of 30 hectares and a greenhouse complex spread over an area of 20 hectares. The arboretum has 1062 species, forms and varieties of bushes, vines and trees. And the greenhouse delights its visitors with a collection of 450 species and forms of delicate orchids.
Fomin Botanical Garden
One of the oldest Botanical Gardens in Ukraine is the Fomin Botanical Garden in Kyiv. The official date of its creation is May 22, 1839. It was during this period that the first plantations of trees were made. Today, this garden is considered a subdivision of the Kyiv University. Shevchenko. Here it occupies 22 hectares of area, which houses collections of more than ten thousand plant species, a botanical museum, a huge greenhouse complex, as well as a scientificlibrary.
The garden is known for its exotic exhibits. Here is a large collection of all kinds of cacti and succulents. Also striking is the grandiose collection of palm trees. In the former USSR, they were the largest and oldest.
How Fomin's garden was created
Ancient Kyiv legends say that a long time ago the territory of the modern garden belonged to the sister of Kyi, Shchek and Khoriv - Lybid. One of the rivers that flow into the mighty Dnieper is called Lybid. And on its left bank, among the ravines and hills, a garden was created.
Beretti, an architect who designed the University of St. Vladimir (now T. G. Shevchenko), proposed to plant a garden in a deserted place near the educational institution. In 1839, permission was obtained to build a temporary garden. It was only in 1941 that he was honored to become a permanent member.
The Botanical Garden (Kyiv) Fomin came under the leadership of Alexander Vasilyevich in 1914. Fomin managed it until 1935. During the winter of 1919-1920, when severe frosts broke out, a considerable number of plants were saved from freezing by the director and his employees.
War and post-war period
During the occupation of the Ukrainian capital by the Nazis, some of the plants were taken out, some died at the hands of the villains, but in the shortest possible time the Fomin Botanical Garden was restored. From the spring of 1944 it opened its gates to visitors. In 1977, a 30-meter climatron greenhouse was built in the garden, with a total area of 1000 m2. ATIn 1984, the construction of the domed greenhouse with an area of 532 m22 and a height of 18 m was completed.
B. Sosiura, Lesya Ukrainka, M. Rylsky, M. Vrubel - all of them once visited the Botanical Garden (Kyiv). The university probably cannot boast of such visitors. Today, the Fomin Garden is an unsurpassed green oasis located in the center of the Ukrainian capital.
Fomin's Garden today
The Botanical Garden of Kyiv now plays the role of a research department of the Shevchenko State University. Here students practice in botany. Schoolchildren and young naturalists can take part in special cognitive and scientific excursions that reveal to them the secrets of nature, tell about its significance in the life of each of us.
In 2007, comprehensive restoration work was carried out here: slopes were strengthened, new species of bushes and trees were planted, greenhouses were modernized.
Visitors to the Botanical Gardens
Every day Botanical Garden. Fomin and them. Grishko is visited by many guests. True, not all of them come here in order to broaden their horizons and cultural recreation. Many do not understand the importance of these institutions, leaving mountains of garbage behind. Everything that has been created for long decades, today, due to human frivolity and indifference, can turn into a dump. It's easy to destroy, but to build…
Kyiv Botanical Gardens are one of a kind. Yes, in the worldthere are many such reserves, but such as in this glorious city, no longer be found. Their aromas, colors, beauty and uniqueness can easily claim one of the places in the list of modern wonders of the world. And whoever does not believe, let him see for himself by looking at the gardens with his own eyes!
