Greenhouses of Moscow. Greenhouse complex in Tsaritsyno. Botanical Garden of Moscow State University "Pharmaceutical Garden"

2024 Author: Harold Hamphrey | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 10:06

Moscow is a city rich in its history, culture and heritage. There is a great variety of museums, exhibitions and expositions of absolutely different subjects. The greenhouses of Moscow are a place where you can enjoy the diversity of plants from all over the world. Even on cold winter days, a tropical paradise reigns there, which will undoubtedly be appreciated by adults and children. Several greenhouses operate on a permanent basis in the capital. All greenhouses in Moscow are conveniently located and can be reached both by private and public transport.

Evergreen Moscow

The main botanical garden of Moscow is considered one of the largest in the world. There are several plant expositions on a permanent basis: an arboretum, cultivated, exotic and ornamental plants.

In the central part of the city there is the oldest greenhouse of the capital - "Pharmaceutical garden". You can see the riot of flora with your own eyes within the walls of the Moscow Zoo, where a small greenhouse of tropical plants has been operating since 2014. Another greenhouse will delight visitorsCentral Park of Culture and Leisure named after A. M. Gorky. The greenhouse was renovated and reopened in 2012.

The Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve has been operating since 2007 in the south-east of Moscow. This is a huge palace and park ensemble, which includes architectural monuments of the 18th century, a park with ponds and a light and music fountain, as well as three buildings of greenhouses. A unique place to visit is the Butterfly Greenhouse in Moscow. There you can get acquainted with the wonderful world of butterflies, which move freely through the three buildings of the greenhouse.

Main Botanical Garden of the capital

The address where the botanical garden is located is Moscow, st. Botanicheskaya, 4. It covers an area of more than 330 hectares. It included the natural forests of Moscow: the Leonovsky forest and the Erdenievskaya grove.

The garden was organized in post-war Moscow in 1945. Since 1991, it has been named after Academician N. V. Tsitsin, who participated in the design and opening of the garden and subsequently led it for thirty-five years. The Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences is actively engaged in scientific activities. It is aimed at studying acclimatization, hybridization of plants, protecting them from diseases and pests. Work is also underway to study gardening, landscaping and the construction of greenhouses. Stock greenhouse consists of two buildings. The height of the building of the stock greenhouse is 33 meters. Today it is the tallest greenhouse building in Europe.

Exposures of the Main Botanical Garden

More than 18,000 names of plants enclosed within the walls of the botanical garden. Moscow in the northeast was originally occupied by the Ostankino oak forest. Part of this oak forest, namely the Erdenyevskaya grove, is now part of the arboretum. The arboretum occupies 75 hectares. Oaks, birches, spruces and pines, habitual for central Russia, hide exotic plants from bad weather.

The Japanese Garden is very popular with visitors. It was designed by Japanese architect Nakajima and surprisingly combines oriental plants and architectural elements. Not all greenhouses in Moscow can offer their guests a walk under cherry blossoms. This exhibition is closed during winter.

Expositions of tropical plants are presented in the Stock greenhouse. In addition, in the botanical garden you can study in detail the exposition of cultivated plants, get acquainted with their history and theory of fruit growing. More than 200 species of herbs and more than 250 types of medicinal plants grow on the territory of the garden. The exposition of flower and ornamental plants occupies one and a half hectares. It presents a huge number of flowering plants from all over the world. Two and a half hectares of the garden is occupied by a rose garden.

History of the Apothecary Garden

The Pharmaceutical Garden is one of the first greenhouses in Moscow. It was founded by Peter the Great in 1706 to grow medicinal plants there. It came into the possession of Moscow State University only in 1805. The Botanical Garden was badly damaged in a fire in 1812, andit was only possible to restore it by the middle of the century.

The landscape style, popular during the reign of Peter the Great, is partially preserved in the garden. It turned out to save some trees, whose age is more than one hundred years old. With the advent of the twentieth century, the garden fell into decay, and during the Great Patriotic War, bomb shelters were organized on the territory of the Aptekarsky Garden.

Reconstruction of the garden began only towards the end of the twentieth century. In addition to the reconstruction of the buildings of the greenhouse, plant collections began to replenish.

Variety of plants of the "Pharmaceutical Garden"

The Apothecary Garden Arboretum occupies an area of four hectares and includes several expositions of open ground plants. These are species of the family olive, hydrangea, maples, ferns, creepers and much more.

Palm, succulent, subtropical greenhouses are also presented to the attention of visitors. The palm greenhouse, organized in 1891, is open to the public throughout the year. There is a unique collection of palm trees and other tropical plants. Many of them are endangered species. The Tropical Winter Orchid Exhibition is held annually at the Palm Greenhouse.

Succulents are located on the second floor of the building above the palm greenhouse. This is one of the most extensive collections of succulents in Russia. The subtropical greenhouse is currently under reconstruction. Particular attention should be paid to the collection greenhouse. It occupies four buildings: tropical, bromeliad, orchidgreenhouses.

Botanical Garden of Moscow State University

The garden covers a vast area of 30 hectares. The main part of his collection is plants growing in the open air. The arboretum is located on an area of almost 9 hectares. More than a thousand types of woody plants grow there.

The department of herbaceous plants includes several expositions. The largest rock garden in Europe is organized on the territory of the garden made of Karelian granite blocks. In the center of the exposition is a lake with water lilies. The nursery of the department helps to adapt to plants that fall into an unfavorable environment. The department is also represented by a section of useful plants and a section of plant systematization.

Many greenhouses in Moscow are open for free walks. The main focus of the university garden is scientific activity, so free walks around the territory are prohibited. Sightseeing and thematic tours are organized for garden visitors.

Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve

The Tsaritsyno Palace and Park Ensemble opened its doors to visitors on September 2, 2007, on the Day of the City of Moscow. The first owners of the estate were the princes of Cantemir. At that time, it bore the dissonant name Black Dirt. It was then that the first greenhouses and orchards were created.

Later the property was acquired by Empress Catherine II. She gave the village a new name - Tsaritsyno, ordered to organize a royal residence here and expand the greenhouses. After the empress, the estate changed several owners, the greenhouse complex in Tsaritsyno was rented out inrent for a long time. By the end of the twentieth century, the complex fell into disrepair. Reconstruction began only in 2005.

Tsaritsyno greenhouses

On an area of more than 400 hectares, a vast park with ponds, palace buildings and greenhouses are harmoniously located. In the newly opened greenhouses, a collection of plants was recreated according to the registers of records that were kept under Catherine the Great. The collection of plants is constantly updated with new species.

Today, three expositions are open for visiting. Tsaritsyno is attractive for visiting due to its versatile orientation. After all, in the museum-reserve you can not only study the variety of plants presented, but also take a walk in a beautiful park and get acquainted with the architectural monuments of the Catherine's era.