This glorious Russian city is the recognized cradle of the great Russian military fleet, founded by Tsar Peter I.
From history
Once in 1688, young Peter I discovered an old boat "Saint Nicholas" in one of the outbuildings of the royal estate. Today it is in honorary storage at the Naval Museum in our northern capital. History lovers often ask the question: “What is the name of the boat of Peter 1?” So, it was this ship that later became known as the “Grandfather of the Russian Fleet.”
On this boat, the young king began to master the intricacies of managing a ship on the Yauza River. When the country's navy appeared at the beginning of the 17th century and the first victories were won, the Tsar of All Russia ordered the boat to be transported to St. Petersburg and issued a Decree on this occasion.
On the Neva and the Gulf of Finland, the little boat was solemnly welcomed, including by the ambassadors of foreign states. The great reformer tsar himself stood at the helm, the admirals of the fleet sat at the oars. "Grandfather of the Russian fleet" was greeted with cannon fire and drum roll. According to the Decree of Peter, it was necessary to forever keep the ships on which he began to study maritime business.
Funny Flotilla
In 1688, Peter I came to Pereslavl and was fascinated by the size and beauty of Lake Pleshcheyevo. The sixteen-year-old king planned to build a funny flotilla here.
The best craftsmen were sent from Holland to study shipbuilding. The young tsar himself took an active part in the construction of ships.
In the spring of 1689, the first ship was launched, and in the summer of 1692, many ships were already at the shipyard. They were equipped with artillery. On them, the amusing troops of the sovereign were trained in military operations and navigation.
The death of the amusing fleet
As a result of the strongest fire in 1783, all the ships of the flotilla burned down. Only the boat "Fortune" survived, which, according to legend, was built by Peter I himself. During the fire, it was stored indoors on Mount Gremyach, not far from the royal Palace, and did not stand on the lake with other ships.
In 1803, I. M. Dolgorukov, the governor of Vladimir, ordered the construction of a building in which the bot "Fortune" could be stored. The Museum "Boat of Peter 1" began its history from this, which preserved for posterity and history the ship built by Peter I.
What to see in the estate
Today the museum "Boat of Peter 1" (Pereslavl-Zalessky) offers to see the following sights:
- obelisk to Emperor Peter I;
- Botny house;
- Monument to Peter I;
- gatehouse;
- rotunda;
- Triumphal Gate;
- Whitepalace.
Today, this magnificent monument of history, architecture, culture is in its historical place. Museum-estate "Boat of Peter 1", which is a branch of the museum-reserve in Pereslavl, is located in a beautiful park, near Lake Pleshcheyevo (v. Veskovo).
Opening of the monument
In early August 1850, Grand Dukes Mikhail Nikolaevich and Nikolai Nikolaevich, passing through Pereslavl and inspecting the remains of the flotilla, laid a stone in the foundation of the granite monument to Peter I.
Two years later, the triumphal arch was built, which was consecrated in 1852. The top of the arch is decorated with naval fittings.
In the same year, the architect P. S. Campioni erected a majestic monument to Peter I. Residents of Pereslavl and nearby villages attended the opening ceremony of the obelisk. In addition, guests arrived from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladimir and many other cities.
The 4th battalion of the Jaeger regiment of the city of Uglich and the 2nd battery of the 16th brigade took part in the celebrations. The Maritime Department was represented by the Grand Duke M. I. Golitsyn.
On the rise to the museum there is a more "young" monument to Peter I, created in 1992 according to the project of A. D. Kazachok. The sculptural composition depicts a young king.
White Palace
Museum "Boat of Peter 1" presents its guests a beautiful palace. It was founded in 1853 and was intended fordinner parties, receptions, balls. The White Palace was built on donations from the townspeople. So that the house would not be empty, the nobles and merchants of Pereslavl organized "Pereslavl assemblies" here. In the summer, lovers of dancing and card games gathered in the Palace.
After the revolution (1917), a geographical station of Moscow State University was opened in the White Palace. In the thirties, the famous Soviet writer M. Prishvin worked here. At the end of the twenties, the Kukryniksy visited the Palace.
At the end of the 1930s, a holiday home was opened in the building for employees of local enterprises. During the Second World War, two orphanages from besieged Leningrad were transferred to the White Palace.
Museum Today
In May 2012, the Peter the 1 Boat Museum opened after a lengthy renovation. The visitors were presented with the exposition "At the beginning of glorious deeds", which covers a long period from the creation of a funny flotilla to the arrival of Emperor Nicholas II in these places (1913).
The exposition turned out to be very interesting, especially its first hall, where there is a copy of one of the ships of the amusing flotilla, with genuine guns. In addition, there are items from the 17th century that are directly related to the construction of ships. In this hall, you can see interesting details of the wooden palace of Peter the Great's time - doors, clock faces, mica windows, etc.
The second hall of the Museum "Boat of Peter 1" represents the reconstruction of one room of the Peter's Palace. Here you can see pieces of furniture and utensilsPeter the Great, portraits of the royal dynasty.
The third hall of the museum is dedicated to everyone who took part in the reconstruction and reconstruction of the estate in the 19th century.
Reconstruction of the boat of Peter I
It must be said that many modern craftsmen strive to create a ship from the flotilla of Peter I, using old drawings. The boat of Peter 1 was made in Petrozavodsk. The construction was timed to coincide with the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet. The creation of the ship became the original thesis work of ten young and talented craftsmen, graduates of the school at the IICC.
A remake of the historical boat, which was created in Petrozavodsk, is an indispensable participant in city holidays.
Rotonda
In the ensemble of the museum, the rotunda is of particular interest and admiration for visitors. It recreates the interior of the Petrine era to the smallest detail. Today, this building hosts exciting theater programs and various exhibitions. The exposition of the museum includes parts of the ships of the first Russian fleet - a bronze eagle, a cauldron for resin, elements of ship gear, parts of a clock mechanism.
Museum "The Boat of Peter 1" was restored for a long time. The Rotunda Hall was in disrepair. This building was built for receptions. It was created in memory of the great Russian ruler - Peter I. Funds for its construction were collected by the nobles of the Vladimir province.
Today in a reconstructed building with restored interiors of Peter the Great, which, according to the general opinion of visitors,adorns the Museum "Boat of Peter 1", a permanent exhibition is held. It is represented by various works of art in which famous masters immortalized the bright image of the reformer king. Peter I appears in different images - from the carpenter king to the "Roman emperor", whose head is crowned with a laurel wreath.
Bot "Fortune"
The boat "Fortuna" is the last ship that survived the fire. Judging by the chronicles, the boat was made by the hands of young Peter I. The material used is pine, oak. Its length is 7.34 m. The width of the vessel is 2.38 m. This is a single-masted ten-oar boat of the Dutch type. In the manufacture of the boat, it was carefully caulked, covered with resin, and then painted. The control was carried out by a hinged steering wheel, which had an iron tiller.
How to get to the museum
It is quite easy to get to the museum-estate from the capital. It is necessary to take a regular bus going to Pereslavl-Zalessky (route Pereslavl - Nagorye). The museum is waiting for visitors every day from 10.00 to 17.00 (except Monday).
