The ancient city of Dmitrov is not as famous as Moscow, although it is the same age as Moscow. It is located a little further north than the capital. Its founder, Yuri Dolgoruky, founded the city back in 1154. Then it was the extreme northern outpost, which covered the road to Suzdal. Then began quite wild places, endless swamps and swamps. Almost from the very day of its formation, the city was an important strategic center, which made it possible to get by water through Yakhroma, Sestra and Dubna to the upper Volga. The path to Suzdal, along the Vela River, also passed here.
History of the Battle Fortress
A strategically important point could not do without military fortifications, which is why already in 1181 the city was a powerful fortress. The Dmitrovsky Kremlin, the current miracle, a living museum, the heritage of the ancestors, then carried quite specific functions. The earliest buildings were earthen ramparts with deep ditches. Their height, more than 15 m, and the total length - about 1000 m, were striking. A little later, walls of powerful logs with combat towers were erected on them. The Dmitrovsky Kremlin grew and developed, by the 17th century, according to surviving documents, it already had 8 serfstowers.
In those days, all the buildings were wooden and burned down during the Time of Troubles. Stone fortifications did not exist then. The inner territory of the fortress was relatively small, there were huts of the prince's squad, houses of artisans and merchants. Today, the Dmitrovsky Kremlin is being recreated anew, the history of the ancient museum comes to life within its walls, creating an amazing atmosphere. Despite the fact that many buildings have been reconstructed, they very accurately convey the spirit of their time. If you are traveling along the Golden Ring of Russia, be sure to visit this cozy corner.
Why the Dmitrovsky Kremlin is so unique
Most of the Russian fortresses were built on hills, this allowed them to take the best observation positions and have a significant advantage during the siege. However, the ancient builders used a different principle when laying the foundation stone for the Dmitrovsky Kremlin. History shows that alternative solutions have often been more effective. The fortress was built in a swampy lowland, and the swamp, starting immediately behind the rampart, served as a natural defense. To this day, this historical monument is a symbol of the highest skill of its creators. We will try to take a virtual walk, in which we will tell about the main attractions.
The road to the museum
The easiest way is to use the services of the railway. Every day, several times a day, trains to Dmitrov leave from Odintsovo, Golitsino, Kubinka and many other settlements.points. If your starting point is Moscow, then you can take these trains at the Savelovsky railway station, as well as at the station next to the Fili and Begovaya metro stations. Since 2011, a comfortable air-conditioned bus has been running to Dmitrov from the Altufievo metro station every 30 minutes. Just an hour and a half on the road - and you are at the goal. If you have a private car, then the road will not take you more than an hour. For this, there is Dmitrovskoe highway. As you can see, you can easily plan your way and visit the Dmitrovsky Kremlin. How to get there is up to you, but the easiest way is to drive your own car.
Alexander Nevsky Chapel
If you were driving along the highway, the road will lead you straight to the city center, to the earthen rampart. The Dmitrovsky Kremlin Museum-Reserve is right in front of you, but before you start exploring it, you can visit this ancient chapel. It is located in the center of the old city, on the site of the former ancient Nikolsky gates and an earthen rampart. Until 1868 it was a wooden building, but it was completely destroyed. In its place, a stone chapel was erected, which still glorifies the holy noble prince Alexander Nevsky. The reason for the creation of this chapel was the miraculous deliverance from the death of Alexander II. There was a period in history when desolation reigned in the chapel, but in the 90s it was returned to the Orthodox Church.
Assumption Cathedral
We continue to explore the unique museum-reserve. The Dmitrovsky Kremlin has a stunning pearl - the majestic Assumption Cathedral. It dates back to 1500,however, it was completely rebuilt in the 17th century. At this time, a stunning three-tiered bell tower was added. It is in order to look at this majestic structure that tourists come here. It is very similar in appearance to the Moscow cathedrals built in the same period. The similarity is given by the openwork iconostasis and beautiful carving depicting vegetation. But some experts believe that Italian influence is noticeable in architecture, in particular, this applies to the decoration of facades: lucarne windows in zakomaras, wall paneling and much more.
In the seventeenth century, during the restoration of the cathedral, a bell tower was added to it, and its upper part with a clock and spiers was built a century later. But the pride of the cathedral is a five-tiered iconostasis, the icons of which are over 500 years old. The tiled reliefs, which are made of individual ceramic slabs covered with colored lead glaze, fascinate with their appearance.
Elizabethian Church
This is the second largest pearl that adorns the Dmitrov Kremlin. Excursions always include a tour of this majestic object. By the way, it was built for the spiritual guidance of the prisoners of the county prison. The place of this building in the general ensemble is on the northern border of the administrative complex. The building is an interesting architectural solution, the patterned frames on the windows replace the bars, at the level of the second tier along the walls there is a balcony for the convoy. The choir has an entrance from the parapet. However, the church went through hard times, in this room for a long timethere was a club, then a warehouse. Today the building has been handed over to the church again, but its decoration has not been preserved.
Kremlin Territory, Bridge and Stone of Desire
The favorite place of all newlyweds, as well as tourists visiting the Kremlin. The bridge of happiness is quite small, and on both sides it is decorated with two huge horseshoes. The enterer passes under the arches of the first, then steps on each of the three that support the bridge, and exits under the fifth horseshoe. It is believed that if you walk along it, then luck will certainly smile. Married couples like to decorate its railings with little locks and throw the keys into the river. The stone of desires is located very close, a horseshoe is embedded in it. And the legend engraved on it testifies that it was here that Dolgoruky's horse stumbled and broke the horseshoe, which was the reason for the founding of the city on this place.
Dmitrovsky Kremlin Museum
This is a two-story building on the territory of the Kremlin, which will be very interesting to visit for every tourist. Don't forget to schedule your trip. If you just want to walk around its territory of the Kremlin, then a few hours will be enough for you, but in order to see all the expositions, you need much more time. For tourists, it is important where the Dmitrovsky Kremlin is located. The address is easy to find from any guidebook: Zagorskaya street, 17. Visitors are welcome here every day.
Showrooms
Museum Dmitrovsky Kremlin'' includes nine halls in which everyone will find what he is interested in. The first two of them tell a storyancient noble estates of the region. The abundance of photographs makes the exposition visual, colorful and interesting. The third and fourth halls are quite specific, they are dedicated to the history of agriculture. However, their everyday life is brightened up by the pages of the history of the development of various crafts that were developed in these places. The seventh and eighth halls tell you about the terrible moments of history, namely the days of the Great Patriotic War, the battles on this earth and the heroes of that time. The most interesting for many is the last hall. It is dedicated to the history of our country. Here is a rich collection of exhibits from different eras, which makes it possible to better understand the Russian people.
Be sure to visit the Dmitrovsky Kremlin! The museum-reserve (photos can be taken for an additional fee - 250 rubles) will leave an indelible impression. Video filming costs a little more: depending on the duration, you will have to pay from 500 to 1000 rubles. However, the memory of the journey is worth the expense.
Plan your visit
Entrance ticket to the museum will cost you 170 rubles per person. Children under 5 years old are admitted free of charge, but the expositions are designed for thoughtful study and are unlikely to interest the kids, so it’s better to leave them on the playground and go to see the Dmitrovsky Kremlin. Opening hours - from 9:00 to 17:00 daily. Monday and Tuesday are days off. When going to the museum, pay attention to the calendar: the last Wednesday of each month is a sanitary day.
Tours
You can explore all the halls on your own orinvite a tour guide. There are different programs that you can choose from depending on your preferences. "Dmitrovsky region from the beginning of time" tells you about the period of formation and prosperity of the city, the history of the region, demonstrates the weapons and armor of Russian soldiers, since history and war are inseparable. If you are closer to art, then choose the exposition of art collections. These are bright and colorful exhibitions that demonstrate icons and samples of wooden sculpture, handwritten books and products made of faience, porcelain, samples of colored and laminated glass. A special place is occupied by an excursion dedicated to the history, life and artistic life of the region. This is a special world in which merchants and nobles once lived. You can feel its special atmosphere, get acquainted with interior items, portraits and documents. In order to appreciate the completeness of the picture, the exposition also tells about the life of the peasants. Particularly interesting is the 19th century chicken hut with a stove without a chimney. Against the backdrop of luxurious interiors of noble mansions, it looks especially fantastic.
Another interesting exposition tells about the life of the famous compatriot P. A. Kropotkin. The exposition will be of interest to everyone who is at least a little familiar with the activities of a brilliant scientist. Kropotkin is a geographer, geologist, a famous revolutionary who has invested a lot of effort in the development of our country. The exposition is located in a unique house where he lived for the last two years of his life. Here you can get acquainted with the works of the scientist, which were published during his lifetime. In addition, you will see a large number of photographs and documents that are morenever published anywhere. The furnishings of these rooms tell not only about the scientist himself, but also about the long and difficult restoration of the house and the creation of a museum in it.
The exposition "You are all in my heart" deserves special attention. It tells about a completely different dimension, about the life of the Holy Martyr Seraphim Zvezdinsky. This is a fairly large exposition that demonstrates photographs and documents, a difficult life, fragments of works about great deeds in the name of the Faith. It also describes the life of the new martyrs Dmitrovsky. Entrance tickets for any excursion are available, their cost is only 50 rubles. A group tour lasting 1 hour costs 1000 rubles, up to 20 people can take part in it.
Instead of a conclusion
The history of the native land cannot but interest a person. That is why tourists continue to flock to the Dmitrovsky Kremlin. Photos of majestic monuments of ancient architecture will remind you of a wonderful and informative walk for a long time. Such a trip is not exactly an entertainment event. Rather, it is an educational journey that enriches the tourist and gives him new knowledge about his region. Here the pages of history come to life, bygone eras reveal their secrets to us.
