Skhodnya is a river that flows through the territory of the Moscow region. It is the left tributary of the capital's water artery. The source is located in the Solnechnogorsk district, not far from the Alabushevo railway platform. It flows in the direction from northwest to southeast, in the Tushino region it merges with the waters of the Moskva River. Length - 47 km, catchment area - 255 km².
Characteristic of the water artery
Skhodnya is the third largest river among the capital's streams, but only 5 km of it passes through the city, the rest flows through the territory of the Moscow region.
The water stream was known in antiquity, it was of great economic importance. As indicated in ancient sources (“Descriptions of ancient Moscow”, XVII century), the river was full of water, fast-flowing, and navigable. The name Skhodnya (formerly Vskhodnya) is of Slavic origin. They went upstream along it (ascended), it was the shortest way of crossing from the capital to the Vladimir-Suzdal principality. Also, in a southerly direction, they descended to the Klyazma, and through it to the Oka and the Volga.
Relief, nutrition and glaciation
The Skhodnya River is a typical flat river. Type of food - mixed, mainly replenishes water reserves due to snow. In winter, the stream freezes (end of November-beginning of December). Opens in March.
Tributaries
There are few tributaries near the river. The largest left - r. Rzhavka, large right ones - Rozhdestvenka, Zhuravka, Goretovka. In addition to rivers, streams are also considered to be tributaries of the Skhodnya: Golenevsky, Boldov, Chernogryazhsky and others.
River rafting
Throughout its movement, the Skhodnya is a river that cuts deep into a dense forest. This natural feature has made the water flow very popular for rafting. It is known that the movement on rafts, boats and kayaks took place here even before the Great Patriotic War. In our years, dachas and cottages have been built on both banks of the river, and the once untouched nature has become fully developed. This factor repels modern lovers of wild tourism, and descents down the river do not occur as often as before.
Natural parks
Skhodnya is a river on the territory of which parks were equipped. In order to preserve the diverse landscape of the region, the government of the Russian Federation decided to create natural monuments and reserves in this territory. The largest nature protection complex of the North-Western Administrative District is the Tushkinsky Nature Park. The total area is 700 hectares. It was created in 1999
Includes rare natural communities and landforms, as well as historical and cultural monuments. Among them: the village of Alyoshkino, the estate of Bratsevo, the natural monument of the Skhodnenskaya (Tushinskaya) bowl, the natural park "Valley of the Skhodnya River". The last one was created in 2004. Within the nature reserve there are unique river and forest landscapes: upland and floodplain meadows, forest groves, low-lying swamps, ponds and streams.
Detailed description of the Skhodnya river valley
The borders of the Skhodnya river valley are limited by the Kurkino district, which is part of the North-Western administrative district of the capital. The rest of the Tushkinsky Natural Park is located in the south, the nature reserve borders on the Kurkino residential area in the east, and the city limits of Moscow (MKAD) pass in the north and west. The Skhodnya River Valley Park stretches over 273 hectares.
Flora and fauna of the park
The flora and fauna of this territory is represented by numerous and very rare representatives. More than 600 species of plants can be found in the park, 40 of which are listed in the Red Book. This is a capsule, lungwort, ostrich, gentian. It is also home to the largest population of wild orchids. In total, there are 9 species in the park, 2 of which are very rare: the B altic palmate root and the Swamp dremlik. They have not been found anywhere in Europe for over 100 years.
The natural park in the valley of the Skhodnya River has become a habitat for 80 species of vertebrates, which are listed in the Red Book. Representatives - ferret, lizard, weasel, ermine, already. About 80 species of birds nest in the forests, among which there are quite rare ones: kestrel, hobby falcon, tern, hawk warbler, honey buzzard, white-backed woodpecker. In the waters of the Skhodnya, there are more than 20 species of fish (pike, tench, gudgeon, dace, chub, etc.).
Historical Heritage
In addition, there are cultural and historical monuments on the territory of the natural park: the Church of Our Lady of Vladimir (XVII century), the ancient village of Mashkino, a monument of landscape art of the XX century. – Zakharyin Hospital.
The park has equipped areas for recreation and picnics. Two of them are located in the Zakharyinskaya floodplain (not far from the hospital), one is in the Birch Grove, and one more is within the 11 microdistrict. There are walking paths, a playground and an ecological path along which excursion routes pass.
Building
Recently, the situation regarding the preservation of the natural park has escalated. The fact is that in the nearby territory within the border limits of the park, it is planned to build residential multi-storey buildings and, accordingly, infrastructure. Such actions are considered illegal and violate the law.
How to get there?
It won't be difficult to get to the river. There are highways, subways and railways nearby. To get to Skhodnya by metro, you need to get off at Skhodnenskaya station. The train stop has the same name.
Also offers route options when traveling by car or bus. The last mode of transport is not tooconvenient, as the stops are far from the end point. The cheapest option would be to go by train or train, so most tourists prefer to come here on these modes of transport. The trip does not take much time.
