West of the center of Moscow is a gentle hill. It is located between two rivers called Filka and Setun. This is Poklonnaya Gora. Once it was located at a distance from Moscow, from its top a panorama of the whole city, as well as its environs, was visible. Travelers stopped here quite often. They admired Moscow and worshiped its churches. Hence the name of the mountain.
Attraction
Today, Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow is a memorial park that perpetuates the memory of those who died in the Great Patriotic War. It is considered one of the main attractions of the capital. Its location is between Minskaya Street and Kutuzovsky Prospekt.
Poklonnaya Gora in Moscow is a popular holiday destination, and not only residents, but also guests of the capital love it.
History
Poklonnaya Gora in Moscow was first mentioned in chronicles dating back to the 16th century. This hill is located on the Smolensk road. In 1812, in the indicated place, Napoleon was waiting for the moment when they would bring him the keys to the city. Soldiers went to the front along the Smolensk road during the war against the German invaders.
The idea of creating a memorial appeared in 1942. As a suitable place was chosenPoklonnaya Gora (photo "Moscow, Victory Park" see below). However, it was very difficult to carry out what was planned during the period of hostilities and in the first post-war years.
Only in 1958, a memorial sign appeared on the hill with an inscription that a monument to the Victory would stand at the indicated place. At the same time, the park was founded. It was called Victory Park. Part of the funds needed for the construction of the ensemble was collected as a result of subbotniks. The missing money was allocated by the state and the government of the capital. The opening of the memorial complex, located on Poklonnaya Hill, took place on May 9, 1995. It marked the fiftieth anniversary of the victory over fascism.
Buildings and monuments
Poklonnaya Gora in Moscow is currently a memorial complex, spread over an area of one hundred and thirty-five hectares. There is also the Victory Monument and the Museum of the Second World War, as well as three churches that were built in memory of those who died in the period from 1941 to 1945.
The Pobediteley Square is the main attraction of the Poklonnaya Gora memorial. The Victory Park is decorated with an obelisk, which has a height of 141.8 m. It is installed in the very center of Pobediteley Square and is decorated with bas-reliefs with the names of hero cities. The height of the obelisk reminds everyone of the 1418 long days and nights of the 1941-1945 war. At a height of one hundred and twenty-two meters, the obelisk is decorated with a twenty-five-ton figure of Nike, the goddess of Victory. At the foot of the monument, a sculpture of St. George was erectedThe victorious, who kills with his spear a snake, which is a symbol of evil. Both statues are the creations of Z. Tsereteli, made specifically for such a memorial as Poklonnaya Gora.
Victory Park is also decorated with such monuments:
- "To the Defenders of the Russian Land", sculpted by A. Bichugov.- "To All the Fallen", made by sculptor V. Znoba.
Another iconic building on Poklonnaya Hill is the Eternal Flame. It was lit on the eve of the sixty-fifth anniversary of the victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany. The grand opening took place on April 30, 2010. The torch with the flame, which was lit from the Eternal Flame located near the Kremlin wall, was solemnly delivered on an armored personnel carrier, accompanied by an escort of motorcyclists.
Between the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War and the Victory Square there is the main alley called "The Years of War". It includes five terraces, which symbolize 5 war years. Above the water surfaces, which are also five, 1418 fountains were built. Each of them symbolizes one day of the war. The Square of Winners in the form of a semicircle is framed by another group of fountains. Its purpose is to symbolize the joy of the victorious people.
Temples
Poklonnaya Gora is a place of religious tolerance. On it in the neighborhood there are three temples belonging to different faiths. These are the Memorial Mosque, the Temple of Memory and the Church of St. George the Victorious. In 2003, a chapel was opened on Poklonnaya Hill.
It was erected in memory of those who died during the GreatPatriotic War Spanish Volunteers. It is planned to build an Armenian chapel, a Buddhist stupa and a Catholic church on Poklonnaya Hill soon.
Memorial Mosque
This building appeared on Poklonnaya Hill in 1997. Its construction was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow. The mosque has a madrasah and a community. The architecture of the building combines the features of various Muslim schools.
Temple of Memory in Victory Park
The Memorial Synagogue, which was opened in 1998, is the only museum of Jewish history in Russia. The temple of memory offers its visitors an extensive exposition. Its materials introduce the history of Jews from the time of their settlement in Russia. The exposition reflects the contribution of this people to the culture of the country, their participation in economic development and the protection of borders in tsarist times. The materials exhibited in the Temple of Memory also touch upon the tragic pages in the history of the Jews, when before the October Revolution there were more than four hundred different provisions and laws that limited labor, rights, education, culture and the observance of the religious traditions of this people. The main part of the exhibition tells visitors about the Holocaust and the struggle of the Jewish people on the fronts of the war against the German invaders and in partisan detachments.
Temple of George the Victorious
This building was founded in 1993 by His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II. In May 1995, the temple was consecrated.
The architect of this building is A. Polyansky, the authors of the bas-reliefs made of bronze are Z. Tsereteli and Z. Anjaparidze. The iconostasis was painted by A. Chashkin, and the mosaic icons are the work of E. Klyucharev. Some elements of modernism have been added to the original Russian style of the building.
The shrine of the Temple is a particle of the relics of George the Victorious. It was donated by the Jerusalem Patriarch Diodoros in 1998. A Sunday children's school was opened at the church, which, among others, is attended by children from the psycho-neurological boarding school.
Museum
The Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War was built on Pobediteley Square. It was founded back in 1986. At the same time, a regulation was issued establishing its dominant status over all museums of the military history of the USSR, and the main directions of activity in the field of scientific work were determined.
In 1992, the museum included six dioramas, Halls of Glory, Memory, and historical exposition. There is an art gallery and a cinema hall where you can watch documentaries. There is a meeting room for veterans in this building.
Somewhat later, in 1993-1994, historical and artistic expositions appeared within the walls of the museum, which were temporary at that time. Subsequently, they became the basis of stationary exhibitions.
Travelers tend to visit one of the main attractions of Russia, which is Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. The Museum on Pobediteley Square keeps a priceless relic - the Banner of Victory. It was erected in Berlin over the Reichstag building on April 30, 1945. There are paintings and works of art, sculptures andposters, as well as graphics from the war. The library collections of the museum store more than fifty thousand publications, including very rare books.
In the open area there is an exhibition of military military equipment, not only domestic, but also foreign. Here you can see the fortifications of the war.
Rest on Poklonnaya Hill
If you go around the building of the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, then the second half of the Victory Park will open to your eyes. Here you can have a great rest from the numerous visitors and traffic noise. Both children and adults find entertainment to their liking here. They like to come here with the whole family to visit various attractions and ride on a swing. In summer, you can sit in a cafe here, rent roller skates or a bicycle.
Poklonnaya Gora is being transformed on May 9th. Here, traditionally celebrating Victory Day, veterans meet. They can remember the old days, listen to concert performances dedicated to the great celebration, and watch colorful parades. In the evening, in honor of Victory Day, fireworks will certainly thunder. Poklonnaya Hill on this day attracts not only residents of the capital, but also its many guests.
How to get to this attraction, which Moscow is rightfully proud of? Poklonnaya Gora (the metro may well take you here, you need to get off at the Park Pobedy station) allows you to get to it in various ways. Buses also go here on routes No. 157 and 205. The stop is called Poklonnaya Gora. BeforeVictory Park can be reached by train in the Kiev direction of the railway to the Moscow-Sortirovochnaya station. If you go by car, then you should move along the odd side of Kutuzovsky Prospekt to the section located between Minskaya and General Yermolov streets.
