Khartoum (Sudan) is the capital of a North African state bordering Libya, Egypt, Chad, Ethiopia and others.
Due to climatic conditions and the proximity of two northern deserts, the city is considered one of the hottest in the world. In summer, there is an increase in temperature up to fifty degrees, in winter - up to forty. The capital of Sudan is located in the north-eastern part of the state at the junction of the two main arteries of Africa - the Blue and White Nile.
The history of the city begins in 1823. At that time, Khartoum was the garrison of Egyptian soldiers and the residence of the military governor. With the advent of Europeans to African lands, the city began to develop rapidly. In 1834 Khartoum became the capital of Sudan. Thanks to the largest market of the slave trade, in 1825 - 1880 the city reached the peak of its prosperity. At that time, many explorers of the continent used it as a starting point for their travels in Africa.
Today the capital of Sudan is the largest transport, financial, industrial and cultural center. The Nile River is playingimportant role in the development of the city. It exports most of the goods produced in the country, and imports a large share of imports. In addition to river routes, several railway and automobile lines intersect here. Although the industry in the city is poorly developed, but the enterprises of the agricultural sector and the oil refining industry prevail over the metalworking industry. Local residents of the surrounding areas are engaged in agriculture. Cotton exports make up a significant percentage of Sudan's economy.
Thanks to a single agglomeration, the population of Khartoum is about 4 million people. They are mainly Europeans, Sudanese, Nubians and ethnic groups. Currently, it is an extraordinary triune city that combines three suburbs: Khartoum (the seat of Government), Omdurman (seat of Parliament) and North Khartoum (industrial capital). Sudan is famous for the main enterprises located in this part of the city: railway workshops, light and food industry organizations, shipyards of river ships, and pharmaceutical factories. The international airport is also located in the suburbs of Khartoum.
The capital of Sudan is built up mainly with low residential buildings. Three-story houses line the wide streets. Along the waterfront of Khartoum is the oldest and greenest part of the city, followed by new buildings of a modern type, and on the outskirts of the city there are poor working quarters.
The center of old Khartoum is culturalcenter. There is a library, the largest conference hall, an exhibition pavilion, the National Theater. A little to the side, across the bridge, is the university campus. Some research institutions and several institutes are concentrated in it: technological, textile, mechanical engineering, financial, polytechnic.
The capital of Sudan is rich in various museums and expositions. Visiting guests will be interested in visiting the National Museum of Ethnography. It presents for the viewing of inquisitive tourists household items of local peasants, national weapons and clothing.
