On this topic, you can make a riddle for a thematic quiz: “One bridge is located in the capital of our Motherland, Moscow. The other is in the watermelon capital of Russia, Kamyshin, Volgograd region. But they share the same name. Which?". Borodinsky! And even if the first is a bright metropolitan thing, and the second is a modest Lower Volga provincial, the namesakes have a lot in common. For example, both decorate the center of the cities in which they are built. Well, let's go through, rush through each, look for similarities and differences. The Moscow Borodino Bridge (photo below) strikes the imagination with its majesty. Kamyshinsky "brother" is easier. But both objects can safely be called extremely important.
Borodinsky bridge in Moscow
The iron bridge across the Moscow River was built in 1912, the year of the centenary of the victory of the Russian people over the French in the Patriotic War of 1812. Recall that in the decisive battle near the village of Borodino (125 km west of the capital), Napoleon I Bonaparte suffered a crushing defeat. By the way, in France, the historical battle is called “the battle near the Moscow River.”
The oldest and most beautiful Borodinsky bridge in Moscow connects streets such as Smolenskaya and Dorogomilovskaya. From the overpass to the Kremlin everythingtwo kilometers. Not far away is the ever-busy Kyiv railway station. Therefore, the steel three-span handsome beam (before 1999 - arched) structure is not to be "bored". The traffic flow does not stop even for a minute.
Supports, colonnades (and at the same time coastal structures) “dressed” in granite, obelisks and porticos that have survived to this day, built according to the project of architect R. Klein, give the building a special flavor. It is worth saying that over the long period of its existence, the Borodino Bridge has experienced many changes.
Better and stronger
In 1788, instead of the current stocky handsome man, a wooden deck swayed on the waves - a “living bridge” called Dorogomilovsky. It is difficult for a modern person to imagine how Russian and French troops passed through such a flexible and dangerous crossing in September 1812, but this is a historical fact.
In 1865, there was an urgent need to build a capital bridge - the crossing suffered from floods. Under this, the city allocated funds in the amount of 300 thousand rubles. When Tsar Alexander II approved the project of the industrial engineer A. Struve (they say it was made by I. Rerberg in real life), he named the object Borodino (in memory of the 25th anniversary of the Russian victory at Borodino).
Construction began on May 2, 1867, completed a year later on May 15, 1868. The Borodino bridge was made of iron and stood on stone piles (bulls). The length was 138.8 m, width - 14.9 m. In 1912, in connection with the construction of the Kyiv (then Bryansk) stationthe traffic situation has changed.
Solved the problem of increased "motor activity" bridge 250 meters long, with two footpaths (width of each - 3.5 m). Later, the road over the water experienced two more restorations: in 1952 and in 1999-2011.
Borodinsky bridge in Kamyshin
In Kamyshin it all started from the street. Due to the fact that many citizens, including the most famous personality, Lieutenant General K. Kazachkovsky, were participants in the war with Napoleon, in 1912, in honor of the centenary of the battle of Borodino in the Patriotic War of 1812, it was decided to rename the main street Bazarnaya to Borodino (now Proletarian).
The continuation of the street - a wooden crossing over the Kamyshinka River - was popularly called the Borodinsky Bridge. They started talking about the construction of a new reinforced concrete, first category, in Kamyshin in the mid-30s of the XX century. But there was not enough money to implement the idea, and soon the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 broke out, postponing the peace plans of Soviet citizens for later.
Shortly after the Great Victory (1945), the city began to quickly turn into an industrial one. In the mid-50s, it became clear that it was no longer possible to postpone the construction of a modern reinforced concrete bridge.
Project documentation was developed by architects from Moscow (Giprokommundortrans). The construction was carried out by the organization "Mostpoezd No. 404" (headed by S. A. Kamrukov), which already had rich experience in building bridges.
Movement open
It was assumed that the reinforced concrete structure on concretepillars with a pile foundation will be installed on the site of the existing wooden Borodino bridge (in fact, the object was slightly shifted). The new Borodino bridge was characterized by the following parameters: length - 250 meters, height - 40 meters, width - 10 meters.
At that time in the Stalingrad region (since 1961 - Volgograd) there was an intensive preparation for the launch of the Volga hydroelectric power station. Large-scale work was carried out in Kamyshin to strengthen the banks of the Kamyshinka River, deepen its channel (after all, filling the bowl of the Volgograd reservoir, on the banks of which the city has stood for more than half a century, entailed an increase in the water level). At the same time, preparations were underway for the construction of a bridge across this last major tributary of the Volga.
Workers for the construction of the Kamyshin bridge were recruited in Astrakhan. They started concreting the foundations for the mast supports in the fall of 1957. In the spring of 1958, the dam was filled, and the construction of supports continued. In June 1959, bridge builders laid the first cubic meter of concrete into the spans. They worked hard, competed in teams. On October 15, the first test of the bridge took place.
Kamyshinsky Borodinsky received a passport
Soon the overhead road was dismantled, the circle was shipped by rail (wooden forms that support the formwork during the construction of reinforced concrete vaults), the foreman was dismantled. Most of the workers of "Bridge Train No. 404" returned to Astrakhan.
In March 1960, another organization completed its work - a participant in the construction of the Borodino bridge in Kamyshin - Volgodonstroy. The remaining bridge builders and newly hired workers completedinstallation of lamps. In the summer of 1960, a new reinforced concrete bridge across the Kamyshinka River was fully commissioned (it is believed that the state acceptance took place in 1961).
On the 200th anniversary of the Patriotic War of 1812, at the initiative of the public and local historians of the city, commemorative plaques were installed on the Borodinsky bridge, at the right and left ends, announcing that the bridge is called Borodino.
Thus, the Kamyshin attraction received an official "passport". At a time when there are “as many cars on Earth as there are people”, the provincial Kamyshin, the Borodino bridge at rush hour encounter traffic jams (who would have thought!).
"The old man" copes with the task with difficulty. It has long been clear that another crossing is needed. Whether it is destined to appear in conditions when small and medium-sized cities of Russia are going through a difficult period, only time will tell. Today, the Borodino Bridge continues to carry out its difficult service alone. Kamyshans are proud of a modest-looking but sturdy building from a turbulent Soviet past.
