The islands of Russia, the list of which can be continued indefinitely, make up a significant part of the terrestrial territory of our country. Of course, they are very different, and not only in size, climate and population, but also in geological features. And all these parts of the oceans are interesting in their own way and deserve attention.
For example, the lake islands of Russia, the list of which includes only 20 large objects, are located mainly in the vicinity of Lake Baikal, the Caspian Sea and the northwestern part of the state. They are characterized by the formation of a specific, often different from land, flora and fauna.
The large islands of Russia, the list of which is more significant, often become densely populated regions with highly developed infrastructure. These include, say, a city with the same name, located in the Pskov region. Now more than 25 thousand people live in this settlement.
This article is aimed at telling about the islands of Russia in as much detail as possible. The reader will get acquainted with their features and learn a lot of useful information.
How many islands in total belongs to our country
It would seem, well, what could be easier than counting the islands of Russia. Make a list and you're done. But in fact, it is almost impossible to do this.
Experts say that although the total number is difficult to calculate, on average there are about 50 of them. Why can't we cope with such a seemingly easy task? The difficulty lies in the fact that some of the islands and peninsulas of Russia are located in the Arctic Ocean, their surface is usually covered with ice, people do not live on them.
What do we know about Sakhalin?
Studying the large islands of Russia, the list of which is already impressive, it is impossible not to mention Sakhalin. Why? The thing is that it is considered the largest in our country. Translated from the Manchu language into Russian, its name means "Black River". But the Japanese call it "Karafuto", that is, "the land of the god of the mouth."
Sakhalin is also interesting because its shape on the map looks like a fish. There is no such island in Russia, and the world as a whole.
Sakhalin was discovered in 1643 by the expedition of the navigator de Vries, but people have lived on this island since the Stone Age. Until 1945, Japan and Russia jointly owned the island, but as a result of the war, Japan was forced to give up its part to our country.
I must say that in the old geographical atlases you can find this part of the land in the section "Islands and Peninsulas of Russia". The list attached below, surprisingly, will show that Sakhalin, which we are used to, belongs to the second type. Andindeed, for quite a long time it was considered a peninsula. The space between it and the mainland is called the Nevelskoy Strait, in winter it freezes completely. Perhaps this fact has led many travelers astray.
Note that the indigenous people of Sakhalin are the Nivkhs and Ainu, but now they, unfortunately, make up only 1% of the local population.
Among other things, one cannot fail to say that a huge number of animals and plants of Sakhalin are listed in the Red Book.
House of polar bears
Not everyone knows that Wrangel Island is also called the home of polar bears, or Umkilir. Today, more familiar to us, the name began to be called in honor of the navigator Ferdinand Wrangel.
Now this piece of land is part of the reserve, is on the prestigious list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, it is located in the Arctic Ocean, just between the Chukchi and East Siberian Seas.
The climate of the reserve of this island is quite severe, even in summer there are frosts and snowfalls. The relief is predominantly mountainous, and uplands occupy more than 50% of the entire territory.
By the way, there are more than 1.5 thousand streams and about 900 lakes on Wrangel Island.
A significant part of the fauna and flora of this island is unique. In places here you can even meet relic species of animals. For example, the largest white goose colony in Eurasia lives on Wrangel Island. In addition, there is a huge walrus rookery here, so the hungry whitesbears are frequent guests here. Sometimes it is still possible to see musk oxen. And in the local waters there are gray whales, fin whales, beluga whales, bowhead whales.
Besides this, the island is also valuable from a geological point of view. Not so long ago, not only traces of ancient human settlements were found here, but even more amazing finds - traces of a mammoth population that outlived its mainland relatives by almost 6 thousand years.
Seal Island
Tyuleniy Island is a real natural pearl of Dagestan. It has the appearance of an elongated and elongated section of a sandbar, starting at the Volga delta, and about 8 centuries ago this shallow strip was a very shallow coast of the Caspian Sea. If we could go back three centuries, we would be surprised to find that the level of the Caspian Sea was then 2 meters lower than it is now, and Tyuleniy Island was 2.5 times larger and had the shape of an irregular triangle. In our time, its area does not exceed 18 km2, and the relief is dotted with sand dunes, which are replaced by saline meadows.
One of the wonders of Tyuleniy is that on the territory of the more elevated part of the island there are special wells filled with fresh water. This phenomenon is not found anywhere else on the planet.
And the main feature of the island is, of course, the fearless seals, because this place is named after them. You can not only see them with your own eyes, but also feed them or photograph them as a keepsake.
A project to transform Fr. Seal insection of the Dagestan Reserve.
October Revolution Island
The island of the October Revolution is located in the Laptev Sea, it is part of the archipelago of. Northern Land. This piece of land is considered part of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. It has a slightly elongated shape.
It should be noted that the island of the October Revolution is the largest in the entire archipelago, its area is more than 13,710 square meters. km, and the highest point is 965 m above sea level.
Most of the island is occupied by 7 large glaciers. There are also 3 large rivers flowing here, there are lakes and streams, most of which are covered with ice. Of the animals here you can meet arctic foxes, lemmings, polar bears, deer and walruses. Separately, you need to pay attention to a wide variety of birds.
Recently, gold deposits have been found on October Revolution Island.
Kotelny Island - the fourth largest island in Russia
It is impossible to imagine the islands and peninsulas of Russia without such a piece of land as Fr. Kotelny, which is rightfully considered the largest island in the archipelago of the New Siberian Islands. Its area is 23200 km². The highest point of Kotelny Island is Mount Malakatyn-Tas (361 m). The terrain is mostly hilly.
This territory was discovered in 1773 by the Russian merchant I. Lyakhov and is now part of the protected zone of the Ust-Lensky nature reserve. Interestingly, the land of Bunge connects the west of about. Boiler room with the Faddeevsky Peninsula.
In the geologicalIn plan, this area is composed of limestone and shale. The vegetation here is sparse, mostly herbaceous and shrubby.
The rivers of Kotelny are small and shallow, except, perhaps, Balyktakh, at the mouth of which Tsareva Bay is formed. On the banks of the Precious and Sannikova rivers, large ammonites are found in huge balls of hardened clay. The largest lake in this area is Evsekyu-Kyuel.
Today, Arctic fox fishing is developed on Kotelny Island, reindeer, partridges, and polar bears are found. The remains of long-extinct animals, such as mammoths, are often found here.
Island New Siberia
As mentioned above, the islands of Russia, the list of which is quite extensive, are very different from each other. But it is simply impossible not to talk about some of them.
For example, the island of New Siberia is located in the East Siberian Sea. It is located in the east of the New Siberian Islands archipelago, part of the Republic of Sakha. Its area is about 6 thousand square meters. km. From the southwest of New Siberia is washed by the Sannikov Strait.
Today this land is part of the famous Ust-Lensky nature reserve.
The flat relief prevails here. The highest point of New Siberia is 79 m above sea level. The hydraulic system is well developed here, there are many rivers, the largest of which is the river. Big. In addition, there are plenty of lakes here.
Russian Island
Russian Island is located right in the Peter the Great Bay, in the Sea of Japan, a few kilometers to the southVladivostok, of which it is currently considered an administrative part.
It is separated from the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula by the Eastern Bosporus Strait. The population of this island is very small and amounts to just over 5 thousand inhabitants.
The bays protrude into the shores, the largest is Novik, it divides the island into unequal parts. It is interesting that the inhabitants of both parts of the island stubbornly call the opposite part of the Russian "that side".
The relief of Russky Island is mountainous. It's hard to believe, but there are 47 peaks here. The coastline is 123 km long and heavily indented.
Specialists say that on Russky Island there are a total of 24 streams and a river of the same name, approximately 5 km long. There are also lakes of fresh water on the island.
Vegetation is dominated by broad-leaved forests.
The most interesting islands of the Russian capital
The islands of Russia, a list of which even a middle school student can at least roughly sketch, are more or less known. What can not be said about the areas surrounded by water, which are located in Moscow. But in vain. After all, you can tell a lot of interesting things about them.
For example, not everyone knows that the grandiose reconstruction of Tsaritsyno, fortunately, only minimally affected Ptichy Island. It is still perfectly round and sailing around it on a boat or catamaran is a real pleasure.
Today, the Yauza Island, which was formed during the construction of the gateway, is not accessible to the public. However, it is visible from the banks of the riverpretty good. On it you can see an orchard, a building built in two styles at once, art deco and empire, old lanterns and a lot of hewn granite.
Bolotny Island is the main island of Russia, and it has no official name. It is often called simply Ostrov, Nameless or Kremlin. It is here that the House on the Embankment, Bolotnaya Square, Red October, the Variety Theater, and the monument to Peter are located. Swamp Island skillfully hides its essence: most people, being on it, do not even think that they are on the island.
